Related Experiment Videos
Glycemic load, glycemic index and risk of cardiovascular diseases: meta-analyses of prospective studies
Xiang-Yu Ma1, Jian-Ping Liu, Zhi-Yuan Song
1Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street 30, Chongqing 400038, China.
Objective:
The objective of this study was to assess the relations between glycemic load (GL), glycemic index (GI) and the risk of fatal or nonfatal cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
Methods:
Prospective studies were identified by a comprehensive search of Pubmed, ISI web of Science, the Cochrane Library and EMBASE database, supplemented with manual searches through the reference lists of original publications and review articles. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and pooled using a random-effect model, and dose-response meta-analysis was performed by the method of generalized least-squares.
Results:
Fourteen studies were identified, involving 229,213 participants and more than 11,363 cases. The pooled RRs of CVDs risk for the highest vs lowest categories of GL and GI were 1.23 (95% CI: 1.11-1.36) and 1.13 (95% CI: 1.04-1.22) respectively. Both the risk estimates of GL and GI for women (GL: RR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.18-1.55; GI: RR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.06-1.34) were higher than men (GL: RR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.95-1.28; GI: RR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.94-1.17). No heterogeneity or publication bias was detected. Dose-response meta-analysis found an increased RR of 1.18 (95% CI: 1.01-1.38, P = 0.033) per 50 unit increment of GL with cardiac event risk in Caucasians.
Conclusions:
High GL and GI were associated with significant increased risk of CVDs, specifically for women.
Related Concept Videos
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast, controlled...
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
Obesity
Assessment of the Cardiovascular System I: Subjective Data
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...