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Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

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Updated: May 21, 2026

Microelectrode Array Recording of Sinoatrial Node Firing Rate to Identify Intrinsic Cardiac Pacemaking Defects in Mice
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Published on: July 5, 2021

Cardiac autonomic dysfunction in West syndrome.

Katrien Jansen1, Steven Vandeput, Sabine Van Huffel

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium.

Epilepsy Research
|June 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary

West syndrome, an early epileptic encephalopathy, initially shows a lower heart rate. However, chronic autonomic changes, indicated by altered heart rate variability, develop over three years.

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Location, Dissection, and Analysis of the Murine Stellate Ganglion
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Published on: December 22, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Autonomic Neuroscience

Background:

  • West syndrome is an age-dependent epileptic encephalopathy.
  • Autonomic nervous system dysfunction is increasingly recognized in epilepsy.
  • Cardiac autonomic function, assessed via heart rate variability (HRV), reflects the autonomic nervous system's state.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of early West syndrome on cardiac autonomic function.
  • To measure heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with West syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Cardiac autonomic function was assessed in 13 West syndrome patients using 5-minute ECG recordings during wakefulness, stage 2 sleep, and slow-wave sleep.
  • Heart rate variability (HRV) parameters were analyzed.
  • Five patients underwent a second HRV evaluation after 3 years.

Main Results:

  • Patients with West syndrome exhibited a lower heart rate during stage 2 sleep compared to controls.
  • No significant differences in spectral components of HRV were observed at initial presentation.
  • After 3 years, patients showed increased low-frequency (LF) and decreased high-frequency (HF) HRV components, along with an elevated LF/HF ratio during slow-wave sleep.

Conclusions:

  • West syndrome presents with reduced heart rate at onset, prior to treatment.
  • Early-stage West syndrome does not significantly alter HRV spectral components.
  • Chronic epilepsy progression over 3 years leads to detectable autonomic nervous system changes.