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Updated: May 21, 2026

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
Published on: August 13, 2019
[Hormone replacement therapy and urogenital disease in postmenopausal women]
M Della Martina1, S Xodo, E Vogrig
1Clinica di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Udine Udine, Italia. m.dellamartina@libero.it
Abstract:
Estrogen deficit in postmenopausal women causes urogenital atrophy, which is responsible for a wide range of urinary disorders (urinary incontinence, urge incontinence, recurrent urinary infections) and genital disorders (prolapse, dispareunya, vaginal dryness). The efficacy of estrogen therapy on urinary incontinence is not yet demonstrated, but it is widely recognized that the topical use of estrogens lowers the risk of recurrent urinary infections and improves urogenital atrophy.
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