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Related Concept Videos

Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:24

Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting movement, with additional non-motor features. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and cellular dysfunction, including dopaminergic neuron loss, protein aggregation, and mitochondrial impairment.Selective NeurodegenerationA key feature is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to reduced...
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Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It is characterized by motor symptoms such as resting tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. Patients may notice hand tremors at rest, stiffness during movement, or a shuffling gait. In addition to motor features, non-motor symptoms include sleep disturbances, mood and behavioral changes, constipation, and cognitive impairment, all of which...
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Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is to...
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Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
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Alterations in Muscle Tone lll01:11

Alterations in Muscle Tone lll

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking
07:26

Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking

Published on: September 26, 2019

Postural instability and cognitive dysfunction in early Parkinson's disease.

Jong Moon Lee1, Seong-Beom Koh, Sung Won Chae

  • 1Department of Neurology, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea.

The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. Le Journal Canadien Des Sciences Neurologiques
|June 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Early Parkinson's disease patients exhibit subtle postural instability and cognitive impairments. Computerized dynamic posturography reveals links between sway, disease severity, and cognitive decline in de novo patients.

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An Instrumented Pull Test to Characterize Postural Responses
12:18

An Instrumented Pull Test to Characterize Postural Responses

Published on: April 6, 2019

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Last Updated: May 21, 2026

Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking
07:26

Characterizing the Relationship Between Eye Movement Parameters and Cognitive Functions in Non-demented Parkinson's Disease Patients with Eye Tracking

Published on: September 26, 2019

An Instrumented Pull Test to Characterize Postural Responses
12:18

An Instrumented Pull Test to Characterize Postural Responses

Published on: April 6, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Movement Disorders
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Postural instability is a significant disabling symptom in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD).
  • Early-stage, de novo PD patients often lack clinically apparent postural instability.
  • Understanding subclinical postural deficits and their relation to cognitive function is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate postural performance in early-stage de novo Parkinson's disease patients using computerized dynamic posturography (CDP).
  • To examine the relationship between postural sway, disease severity (Hoehn-Yahr stage), and cognitive impairment in early PD.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-one early-stage PD patients and 20 healthy controls underwent CDP, including the Sensory Organization Test (SOT) and Motor Control Test (MCT).
  • Neuropsychological assessments, including the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), were administered to all participants.

Main Results:

  • Mean SOT equilibrium scores and vestibular input ratios correlated significantly with Hoehn-Yahr stage.
  • SOT equilibrium scores showed correlations with MMSE scores.
  • Motor control test latencies correlated with specific cognitive functions, including visual perception, construction, memory, and verbal learning.

Conclusions:

  • Postural instability is detectable even in early-stage Parkinson's disease (Hoehn-Yahr stage 2-2.5) using CDP.
  • A significant relationship exists between quantitative measures of postural instability and cognitive function in early PD patients.