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Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts

Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts

In analyzing a thin-walled hollow shaft subjected to torsional loading, a segment with width dx is isolated for examination. Despite its equilibrium state, this segment faces torsional shearing forces at its ends. These forces are quantitatively described by the product of the longitudinal shearing stress on the segment's minor surface and the area of this surface, leading to the concept of shear flow. This shear flow is consistent throughout the structure, indicating a uniform distribution of...

Profile Leveling and Cross Sections

Profile leveling and cross-sections are surveying methods used to determine and document terrain elevations for infrastructure projects such as highways, railroads, canals, and pipelines. These methods provide data for earthwork planning and alignment of proposed routes. Profile leveling involves measuring elevations along a fixed line to create a vertical terrain profile. A surveyor sets up a leveling instrument at the benchmark (BM) and records a backsight (BS) to determine the instrument's...

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Designing a transmission shaft requires a thorough understanding of the stresses induced by bending moments and torques, especially in systems where power is transferred through gears. These forces create force-couple systems at the centers of the shaft's cross-sections, leading to both transverse and torsional loading. Although shearing stresses from transverse loads are typically smaller than those from torques and are often overlooked, the significant normal stresses from these loads...

Torsion of Noncircular Members

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Circular shafts undergoing torsional stress maintain their cross-sectional integrity due to their axisymmetric nature. This symmetry ensures an even distribution of stress, allowing the shaft to withstand torsion without distorting. In contrast, square bars, lacking this axial symmetry, experience significant distortion across their cross-sections when subjected to torsion, with the exception of along their diagonals and at lines connecting midpoints. A detailed examination of a cubic element...

Deformation in a Circular Shaft

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One of the distinctive characteristics of circular shafts is their ability to maintain their cross-sectional integrity under torsion. In other words, each cross-section continues to exist as a flat, unaltered entity, simply rotating like a solid, rigid slab. To understand the distribution of shearing stress within such a shaft, consider a cylindrical section inside this circular shaft. This section has a length of L and a radius of R, with one end fixed. The radius of the cylindrical section is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Magnetic Tweezers for the Measurement of Twist and Torque

Magnetic Tweezers for the Measurement of Twist and Torque

Published on: May 19, 2014

Optimization of profile-to-profile alignment parameters for one-dimensional threading.

Pawel Gniewek¹, Andrzej Kolinski, Dominik Gront

¹Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland.

Journal of Computational Biology : a Journal of Computational Molecular Cell Biology

|June 27, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We optimized a profile-to-profile alignment method for comparing protein sequences. This enhanced method accurately detects distantly related proteins using sequence and secondary structure profiles.

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Last Updated: May 21, 2026

Magnetic Tweezers for the Measurement of Twist and Torque

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Published on: May 19, 2014

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A Protocol for Computer-Based Protein Structure and Function Prediction

A Protocol for Computer-Based Protein Structure and Function Prediction

Published on: November 3, 2011

Area of Science:

Bioinformatics
Computational Biology
Structural Bioinformatics

Background:

Accurate protein sequence comparison is crucial for understanding protein function and evolution.
Profile-based methods leverage information from entire protein families for improved sensitivity in detecting remote homology.
Existing methods require further optimization for enhanced accuracy and efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

To optimize and rigorously test a profile-to-profile alignment method for protein sequence comparison.
To evaluate the effectiveness of different scoring schemes in identifying homologous proteins.
To assess the contribution of secondary structure profiles to detection accuracy.

Main Methods:

Development and optimization of a one-dimensional threading method for profile-to-profile alignment.
Implementation and comparison of various scoring schemes.
Integration of sequence profiles and secondary structure profiles.
Benchmarking against structural alignment methods.

Main Results:

The optimized profile-to-profile alignment method demonstrates high accuracy in identifying proteins within the same SCOP family.
Incorporating secondary structure profiles significantly improves detection rates.
The performance of the tuned threading method approaches that of structural alignment.

Conclusions:

A well-tuned one-dimensional threading method using sequence and secondary structure profiles is a powerful tool for fold recognition.
The developed method offers a sensitive and accurate approach for detecting distantly related protein sequences.
The study provides a valuable benchmark dataset and downloadable software for the research community.