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In Vivo Imaging Systems (IVIS) Detection of a Neuro-Invasive Encephalitic Virus

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Murray Valley encephalomyelitis in a horse.

J M Holmes¹, J R Gilkerson, C M El Hage

¹University of Melbourne, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Werribee, Victoria, Australia. jmholmes@unimelb.edu.au

Australian Veterinary Journal

|June 27, 2012

Summary

Murray Valley encephalomyelitis (MVE) can cause severe pain in horses, often without obvious gastrointestinal lesions. This case highlights the importance of considering neurological causes for severe abdominal pain in equine patients.

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Neurology
Equine Infectious Diseases
Neurovirology

Background:

Murray Valley encephalomyelitis (MVE) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus known to cause neurological disease in humans and animals.
While MVE is recognized in various species, its presentation in horses can be variable and challenging to diagnose.
Equine presentations of MVE are less commonly reported, making case studies crucial for understanding disease spectrum.

Observation:

A 5-year-old Thoroughbred mare exhibited severe abdominal pain, leading to exploratory laparotomy.
A mild gastrointestinal lesion was found, disproportionate to the clinical signs.
The mare was euthanized due to intractable pain.

Findings:

Postmortem examination, including PCR on central nervous system tissue, confirmed Murray Valley encephalomyelitis.
The diagnosis revealed a neurological etiology for the severe pain, despite initial suspicion of an abdominal lesion.
This case underscores the atypical presentation of MVE in horses.

Implications:

Clinicians should consider MVE in horses presenting with severe abdominal pain, even without clear gastrointestinal pathology.
Neurological diagnostic approaches, including postmortem analysis, are vital for identifying MVE in equine cases.
Understanding the varied clinical manifestations of MVE is essential for accurate diagnosis and disease management in horses.