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Related Concept Videos

Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
Incomplete Dominance01:43

Incomplete Dominance

Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
Pedigree Analysis01:35

Pedigree Analysis

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Pedigree Analysis01:35

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Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs01:23

Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs

Behavior genetics explores how genetic inheritance influences human behavior. It focuses on how genes, passed from parents to offspring, contribute to the development of behavioral traits and tendencies. This branch of genetics seeks to understand the complex interplay between inherited genetic factors and environmental influences in shaping our behaviors.
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Pleiotropy01:33

Pleiotropy

Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Spontaneous and Evoked Measures of Pain in Murine Models of Monoarticular Knee Pain
08:03

Spontaneous and Evoked Measures of Pain in Murine Models of Monoarticular Knee Pain

Published on: February 22, 2019

Pain and genetics.

Claudia R Fernandez Robles1, Meredith Degnan, Keith A Candiotti

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine and Pain Management, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, Florida, USA.

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology
|June 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pharmacogenomics, the study of how genes affect drug response, is revolutionizing pain management. Understanding genetic variations can personalize analgesic treatments, improving effectiveness and reducing side effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Pain management is a critical aspect of anesthesiology.
  • Genetic factors influencing drug absorption, metabolism, and receptor binding are increasingly recognized as key to analgesic efficacy.
  • Pharmacogenomics offers a pathway to optimize pain relief.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of pharmacogenomics in modulating patient responses to analgesics, with a focus on opioids.
  • To explore how genetic variations impact the effectiveness and safety of pain medications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pharmacogenomic studies related to analgesics.
  • Identification and evaluation of candidate genes influencing drug response.
  • Analysis of recent research on specific genes and their association with pain management outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Several genes, including those for the μ-opioid receptor, ATP-binding cassette subfamily B, catechol-O-methyltransferase, and cytochrome 2D6, show potential for predicting patient response to analgesics.
  • Emerging research highlights the involvement of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and melanocortin-1 receptor in pain pathways and drug response.
  • Pharmacogenomic data is accumulating to refine our understanding of individual variability in pain perception and treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Advancements in pharmacogenomics are paving the way for personalized pain medicine.
  • Tailoring analgesic therapy based on an individual's genetic profile is expected to enhance treatment success.
  • Personalized approaches aim to minimize adverse drug reactions and improve overall patient outcomes in pain management.