[Tetany secondary to deficiency rickets].

Area of Science:

• Pediatrics
• Endocrinology
• Nutritional Science

Background:

• Rickets incidence has declined in developed nations but is rising due to immigration.
• Etiology includes low sun exposure, poor diet, phytates, exclusive breastfeeding, and genetics.
• Immigration contributes to increased rickets cases, particularly in children.

Observation:

• A 13-year-old Pakistani immigrant presented with myoclonus, paresthesias, carpopedal spasm, and gait asymmetry.
• Laboratory results revealed hypocalcemia, vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D), and elevated parathyroid hormone.
• Symptoms are consistent with severe nutritional rickets.

Findings:

• Treatment with calcium, vitamin D, and dietary modifications normalized clinical and laboratory findings.
• The case underscores the link between hypocalcemia, vitamin D deficiency, and rickets.
• Successful management was achieved through supplementation and dietary changes.

Implications:

• Increased migration necessitates heightened awareness of rickets in pediatric populations.
• Public health strategies should address nutritional deficiencies and sun exposure in immigrant children.
• Rickets, once declining, may re-emerge as a significant pediatric health concern globally.