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Related Concept Videos

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
Electrophoresis: Overview01:20

Electrophoresis: Overview

Electrophoresis is a powerful analytical separation technique that relies on the differential migration of charged species when subjected to an electric field. The core strength of electrophoresis lies in its ability to separate high-molecular-weight species in complex mixtures. It has found widespread use in biochemistry, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry, allowing the separation of compounds like amino acids, nucleotides, carbohydrates, and proteins with excellent resolution.
There...
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process01:05

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process

In High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), the elution process is critical to the separation of analytes and the quality of chromatographic results. Elution describes how compounds move through the column and separate based on their interactions with the mobile and stationary phases. This process determines the resolution, peak shape, and retention times in the chromatogram, which are essential for identifying and quantifying components in complex mixtures. Understanding the elution...
Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation01:20

Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation

Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
Drug Elimination by Renal Route: Tubular Secretion01:15

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Once the process of glomerular filtration is completed, blood carrying unfiltered drug molecules traverses through efferent arterioles and makes its way into the peritubular capillaries in the proximal tubule. A variety of carriers play a pivotal role in actively secreting drugs from these peritubular capillaries into the tubular fluid. The organic anion transporter transfers acidic drugs, against an electrochemical gradient, from the peritubular capillaries into the renal tubule cells and...
Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Hemoperfusion and Hemofiltration01:25

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Hemoperfusion and Hemofiltration

Hemoperfusion and hemofiltration are critical techniques in medical treatments to eliminate accumulated drugs, metabolites, and electrolytes from the bloodstream. These methods are particularly vital in cases of accidental poisoning and drug overdose.Hemoperfusion involves passing blood through an adsorbent material to remove unwanted substances. The main adsorbents used in hemoperfusion include activated charcoal and Amberlite resins. Activated charcoal can adsorb both polar and nonpolar...

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Evaluation of Drug Sorption to PVC- and Non-PVC-based Tubes in Administration Sets Using a Pump
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Separation methods for captopril in pharmaceuticals and biological fluids.

Fotouh R Mansour1, Neil D Danielson

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA.

Journal of Separation Science
|June 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This review summarizes over 20 years of analytical methods for determining captopril (CAP), an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. It focuses on challenges like CAP

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Pharmacology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Captopril (CAP) is a crucial orally active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used for hypertension and heart failure.
  • Direct UV detection of CAP is difficult due to its lack of an aromatic chromophore.
  • The presence of two chiral centers in CAP adds complexity to its analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of analytical research on captopril determination over two decades.
  • To focus on pharmaceutical and biological applications of analytical methods for CAP.
  • To highlight challenges and solutions for analyzing CAP in complex matrices.

Main Methods:

  • Review of primary separation techniques including gas chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography (LC), and capillary electrophoresis (CE).
  • Detailed examination of derivatization agents used for CAP analysis.
  • Summarization of various High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) methods.

Main Results:

  • Compilation of over 20 years of analytical methodologies for CAP.
  • Presentation of structures for CAP derivatizing agents.
  • Inclusion of a table summarizing diverse HPLC methods for CAP quantification.

Conclusions:

  • Analytical challenges in CAP determination are addressed through various chromatographic and electrophoretic techniques.
  • The review provides valuable insights into pharmaceutical and biological analysis of ACE inhibitors.
  • Recent advancements in chromatographic and electrophoretic methods for related ACE inhibitors are also discussed.