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Current guidelines for cervical cancer screening.
Constance Schwaiger1, Mary Aruda, Sheryl LaCoursiere
1University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 01003, USA. Schwaiger@uhs.umass.edu
Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners
|June 28, 2012
Summary
Current guidelines recommend starting cervical cancer screening at age 21, with biennial screening until age 29. For women over 30, human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA co-testing is advised for effective cervical cancer prevention.
Area of Science:
- Gynecology
- Oncology
- Public Health
Background:
- Cervical cancer screening guidelines have evolved.
- Understanding human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and natural history is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present evidence-based cervical cancer screening recommendations.
- To guide nurse practitioners in implementing current guidelines.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search from 2006 to present.
- Databases searched include Medline, CINAHL, and OVID.
Main Results:
- Cervical cancer incidence is low in women under 21, with high HPV infection regression rates.
- HPV co-testing demonstrates efficacy in women aged 30 and above.
Conclusions:
- Screening should commence at age 21 for immunocompetent women.
- Biennial screening is recommended for ages 21-29.
- HPV DNA co-testing is advised for women over 30.
- Nurse practitioners are vital in adopting these guidelines for improved women's health and cancer prevention.
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