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Super vasomol hair dye poisoning
Praveen A S Kumar1, Keerthi Talari, T K Dutta
1Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India.
Toxicology International
|June 28, 2012
Summary
Hair dye poisoning from paraphenylenediamine (PPD) is an emerging concern in India. Acute PPD ingestion can cause severe swelling, rhabdomyolysis, and acute renal failure, requiring supportive care and dialysis.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Nephrology
- Emergency Medicine
Background:
- Hair dye poisoning, particularly from paraphenylenediamine (PPD), is an increasing public health issue in India.
- Paraphenylenediamine is the primary toxic agent in many hair dyes, responsible for severe adverse effects.
- Acute poisoning by PPD is characterized by significant upper airway angioedema and tongue swelling.
Observation:
- Systemic PPD intoxication can lead to multisystem involvement, including rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure (ARF).
- Consumption of PPD is an infrequent but serious cause of ARF.
- The case involved suicidal ingestion of hair dye presenting with cervicofacial edema, progressing to rhabdomyolysis and ARF.
Findings:
- The patient presented with severe angioedema and later developed rhabdomyolysis and ARF following PPD ingestion.
- No specific antidote exists for PPD poisoning; treatment is primarily supportive.
- Dialysis and symptomatic management were crucial in the patient's recovery.
Implications:
- This case highlights the critical need for prompt recognition and management of PPD poisoning.
- Early intervention, including dialysis, can be effective in treating PPD-induced rhabdomyolysis and ARF.
- Awareness and supportive care protocols are essential for managing this emerging poisoning trend.
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