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DNA Microarrays

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Visual Detection of Multiple Nucleic Acids in a Capillary Array

Visual Detection of Multiple Nucleic Acids in a Capillary Array

Published on: November 15, 2017

Simultaneous detection of multiple fish pathogens using a naked-eye readable DNA microarray.

Chin-I Chang¹, Pei-Hsin Hung, Chia-Che Wu

¹Aquaculture Division, Fisheries Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Keelung 20246, Taiwan. cichang@mail.tfrin.gov.tw

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|June 28, 2012

Summary

This study developed a DNA microarray for rapid, simultaneous detection of eight common fish pathogens in aquaculture. The method offers high specificity and sensitivity for improved fish health diagnostics.

Keywords:

16S rDNA fish pathogen detection naked-eye reading microarray

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Area of Science:

Aquatic microbiology
Molecular diagnostics
Fish disease research

Background:

Aquaculture faces significant losses due to bacterial pathogens.
Accurate and rapid pathogen identification is crucial for disease management.
Existing diagnostic methods can be time-consuming or lack specificity.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a DNA microarray for simultaneous detection of eight key fish pathogens.
To assess the specificity and sensitivity of the microarray assay.
To evaluate the potential of DNA microarrays for routine aquaculture diagnostics.

Main Methods:

Construction of a DNA microarray using 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA hybridization.
Design of oligonucleotide probes targeting polymorphic regions of 16S rRNA genes.
Colorimetric detection using streptavidin-conjugated alkaline phosphatase and nitro blue tetrazolium/5-bromo-4-chloro-3'-indolylphosphate (NBT/BCIP).

Main Results:

The microarray successfully detected and discriminated eight target fish pathogens: Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella tarda, Flavobacterium columnare, Lactococcus garvieae, Photobacterium damselae, Pseudomonas anguilliseptica, Streptococcus iniae, and Vibrio anguillarum.
100% specificity was achieved in tests with 168 bacterial strains, including target pathogens and related species.
The detection limit was as low as 1 pg genomic DNA and 10(3) CFU/mL for pure cultures.

Conclusions:

The developed DNA microarray is a highly specific and sensitive tool for fish pathogen diagnostics.
This technology demonstrates feasibility for rapid, simultaneous identification of multiple fish pathogens in aquaculture settings.
The microarray offers a promising advancement for disease surveillance and management in the aquaculture industry.