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A peripheral artery disease screening study in Puerto Rico
Héctor Delgado-Osorio1, Hilton Franqui-Rivera, Mario R García-Palmieri
1University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cardiology Section, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Boletin De La Asociacion Medica De Puerto Rico
|June 29, 2012
Summary
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) screening in Puerto Rico found a high prevalence of 41.8%. Male gender and arterial hypertension were significantly associated with PAD, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and management.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Peripheral artery disease (PAD) of the lower extremities is often underdiagnosed and undertreated.
- Early detection of PAD is crucial for implementing preventive and management strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present the results of peripheral artery disease (PAD) screening in adults attending outpatient clinics in Puerto Rico.
- To estimate the prevalence of PAD and identify associated factors in the study population.
Main Methods:
- Conducted 33 outpatient screening clinics across Puerto Rico from 2007 to 2010.
- Screened 933 asymptomatic patients using the ankle-brachial index (ABI), with ABI < 0.9 considered positive for PAD.
- Employed logistic regression models to assess factors associated with a positive PAD screening test.
Main Results:
- A high prevalence of PAD was observed, with 41.8% (390 out of 933) of patients having an ABI < 0.9.
- Male gender (OR = 1.92) and arterial hypertension (OR = 2.16) were significantly associated with PAD.
- Clinical characteristics like leg edema, intermittent claudication, coldness, and weak pulses were more prevalent in patients with PAD.
Conclusions:
- Arterial hypertension, cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia are key risk factors for PAD.
- Physicians must prioritize early PAD diagnosis, especially in asymptomatic individuals, to initiate timely preventive and management measures.
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