The surgeon's role in molecular biology

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Biomolecular Research
• Thoracic Surgery

Background:

• The rise of targeted therapy is reshaping non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment.
• Tissue analysis is essential for identifying biomarkers and genomic signatures that predict treatment response and survival in NSCLC patients.
• Early detection through lung screening and minimally invasive surgery improves the quantity and quality of NSCLC specimens.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the critical role of thoracic surgeons in the biomolecular era of NSCLC.
• To emphasize the importance of tissue acquisition for biomarker discovery and personalized medicine.
• To underscore the contribution of surgical specimens to clinical trials, translational research, and biobanking.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of current trends in NSCLC treatment and research.
• Review of the surgical armamentarium and techniques for tissue acquisition.
• Integration of biomolecular research findings with clinical practice.

Main Results:

• Biomolecular research is identifying an increasing number of NSCLC patients with specific genetic mutations.
• These mutations make cancers susceptible to individualized, targeted treatments.
• Research biopsies are increasingly requested to support translational research and clinical trials.

Conclusions:

• Thoracic surgeons are central to the biomolecular era by providing essential tissue specimens.
• High-quality tissue acquisition is fundamental for advancing targeted therapies and personalized medicine in NSCLC.
• The multidisciplinary approach, with surgeons as key players, is laying the groundwork for future advancements in NSCLC care.