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A middle-range theory of self-care of chronic illness
Barbara Riegel1, Tiny Jaarsma, Anna Strömberg
1School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, 418 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. briegel@nursing.upenn.edu
Abstract:
Nearly 50% of adults have one or more chronic illnesses. Self-care is considered essential in the management of chronic illness, but the elements of self-care in this context have not been specified in a middle-range theory. This article describes a middle-range theory of self-care that addresses the process of maintaining health with health promoting practices within the context of the management required of a chronic illness. The key concepts include self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring, and self-care management. Assumptions and propositions of the theory are specified. Factors influencing self-care including experience, skill, motivation, culture, confidence, habits, function, cognition, support from others, and access to care are described.
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