Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 21, 2026
14:20
High Throughput SiRNA Screening for Chloropicrin and Hydrogen Fluoride-Induced Cornea Epithelial Cell Injury
Published on: June 16, 2018
[Targeted therapies: towards a new toxicology?]
S Aissi1, M Ben Mrad, S Zarraa
1Service de carcinologie médicale, hôpital Abderrahman-Mami, rue Abderrahmen-Mami, 2080 Ariana-Tunis, Tunisie.
Pathologie-Biologie
|June 30, 2012
Summary
Targeted therapies (TT) offer significant advancements in oncology, showing promise across various cancer types. These novel drugs present a distinct toxicity profile compared to traditional chemotherapy.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
Context:
- Targeted therapies (TT) have emerged as a significant advancement in cancer treatment over the last decade.
- Their unique mechanism of action and administration (often oral) distinguish them from conventional chemotherapy (CT).
Purpose:
- To highlight the integration and impact of targeted therapies in modern oncology.
- To discuss the evolving role of TT in adjuvant, neoadjuvant, and palliative cancer care.
Summary:
- TT are increasingly used in combination with CT for breast, digestive, lung, and hematologic cancers.
- Medical oncologists are actively managing the specific toxicity profiles associated with TT, including skin, digestive, cardiovascular, endocrine, and pulmonary effects.
- The toxicity associated with TT is generally considered less severe than that of traditional CT.
Impact:
- TT represent a paradigm shift in cancer therapeutics, offering new options for patients.
- Understanding and managing TT-specific toxicities is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes and treatment adherence.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Drug Toxicity: Dose-Dependent Reactions
Drug toxicities can be stratified into pharmacological, pathological, or genotoxic based on their mechanisms. The incidence and severity of these toxicities generally increase with the drug's concentration in the body and exposure time.Pharmacological toxicity is evident when the therapeutic effects of drugs overshoot into adverse reactions in a predictable, dose-dependent manner. Central nervous system (CNS) depression from barbiturates is a classic example, with effects escalating from...
01:26Toxic Reactions: Overview
When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
01:23Toxicity Testing in Animals
Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...
01:21Toxicokinetics: Overview
Studies that assess how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted (ADME) at toxic doses are termed toxicokinetics. Understanding toxicokinetics helps predict adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and manage toxicity in humans.Toxicokinetics differs from pharmacokinetics mainly in the dose levels studied, with toxicokinetics focusing on higher toxic doses. The kinetics at these levels can be non-linear due to altered physiological processes. Toxicodynamics examines the relationship...
02:57Targeted Cancer Therapies
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
02:57Targeted Cancer Therapies
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...