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Related Concept Videos

Formation of the Platelet Plug01:22

Formation of the Platelet Plug

The platelet phase, the second stage of hemostasis, commences around 15-20 seconds after an injury. It follows and overlaps with the vascular phase, during which blood vessels constrict to minimize blood loss.
As the injured blood vessel contracts, endothelial cells undergo contraction, revealing collagen fibers in the basement membrane and underlying connective tissue. Furthermore, the plasma membrane of endothelial cells becomes adhesive, preparing the site for platelet adhesion. Platelets...
Structure and Function of Platelets01:18

Structure and Function of Platelets

The cell fragments known as platelets are disc-shaped, with an average diameter of about 3 μm and a thickness of roughly 1 μm. They play a crucial role in the body's vascular clotting system, which also involves plasma proteins, blood cells, and blood vessel tissues.
Platelets are continually replenished, circulating in the bloodstream for 9-12 days before being removed by phagocytes, primarily in the spleen. A microliter of circulating blood contains between 150,000 and 450,000 platelets, with...
Introduction to Hemostasis01:05

Introduction to Hemostasis

Hemostasis is a complex physiological process that prevents excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. It's crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system, as it ensures that our blood remains fluid while still within the vascular network and yet clots to prevent blood loss upon vessel injury.
The three phases of hemostasis involve many clotting factors present in plasma and several substances released by platelets and injured tissue cells. It is a fast, localized, and...
Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis01:16

Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis

After a fibrin clot is formed, the next step is clot retraction, a vital process facilitated by platelet contractile proteins, such as actin and myosin. These proteins pull the fibrin strands closer together and condense the clot. This action reduces the size of the clot, creating a smaller, denser structure that effectively seals off the damaged vessel. Clot retraction consolidates the clot and helps with wound healing by bringing the edges of the damaged blood vessel closer together.
Coagulation01:09

Coagulation

The coagulation phase is a critical part of the body's process to prevent blood loss following injury to blood vessels. It involves chemical reactions that form a clot to seal the injured area. The clotting process begins shortly after injury, within 15-20 seconds for severe damage and 1-2 minutes for minor injuries.
During the coagulation phase, clotting factors, or procoagulants, play a vital role in initiating and progressing the coagulation cascade. This cascade is a series of reactions...
Phases of Wound Repair01:28

Phases of Wound Repair

Following injury, the integrity of the injured tissues must be reestablished. For example, in skin tissue, wound repair involves coordination among resident skin cells, blood mononuclear cells, extracellular matrix, growth factors, and cytokines to complete the healing cascade.
Formation of Blood Clot
In case of deep injuries, trauma to blood vessels results in blood loss. In the meantime, phospholipids released from the ruptured endothelial cellular membrane are converted into arachidonic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Microfluidics in Assessing Platelet Function
06:47

Microfluidics in Assessing Platelet Function

Published on: November 8, 2024

Characterization of platelet dysfunction after trauma.

Matthew E Kutcher1, Brittney J Redick, Ryan C McCreery

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. matthew.kutcher@ucsfmedctr.org

The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery
|June 30, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Platelet dysfunction after trauma, identified by impaired response to arachidonic acid (AA) and collagen, significantly predicts mortality. This platelet hypofunction occurs even with normal platelet counts and standard clotting tests, highlighting its clinical importance.

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Area of Science:

  • Trauma Medicine
  • Hematology
  • Critical Care

Background:

  • Coagulopathy and thrombocytopenia are known complications after trauma.
  • Platelet function post-injury remains understudied despite its impact on morbidity and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess platelet function in critically injured trauma patients.
  • To determine the association between platelet dysfunction and patient outcomes, including mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective collection of blood samples from 101 trauma patients.
  • Functional platelet assays using multiple electrode impedance aggregometry for agonists like arachidonic acid (AA) and collagen.
  • Serial sampling during intensive care unit (ICU) stay.

Main Results:

  • 45.5% of patients exhibited platelet hypofunction on admission; 91.1% during ICU stay.
  • Admission platelet hypofunction correlated with lower Glasgow Coma Scale scores and increased early mortality.
  • Impaired AA and collagen responsiveness independently predicted both 24-hour and in-hospital mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Clinically significant platelet dysfunction is common after trauma, even with normal platelet counts.
  • Multiple electrode impedance aggregometry effectively identifies trauma-induced platelet dysfunction.
  • Admission AA and collagen responsiveness are sensitive and specific predictors of mortality in trauma patients.