Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Function Tests01:25

Pulmonary Function Tests

Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities01:22

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities

The respiratory system is responsible for the intake of oxygen and the expulsion of carbon dioxide from the body. Respiratory volumes describe the volume of air in the lungs at different phases of the respiratory cycle. Tidal volume is the air breathed in and out during normal, quiet breathing. Inspiratory reserve volume is the air that can be forcefully inspired beyond the tidal volume. In contrast, expiratory reserve volume refers to the air that can be expelled from the lungs after a normal...
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I01:26

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I

Assessing the respiratory rate and rhythm for a complete minute is crucial for evaluating the breathing pattern. Even a minor increase in the patient's average respiratory rate, by as little as three to five breaths per minute, is an early and vital indicator of respiratory distress. Patients with a respiratory rate exceeding twenty-four breaths per minute require close monitoring to determine the physiological alterations. This careful observation is essential for prompt recognition and...
Lung Capacity01:47

Lung Capacity

The air in the lungs is measured in volumes and capacities. Lung volume measures reflect the amount of air taken in, released, or left over after a lung function, like a single inhalation. Lung capacity measures are sums of two or more lung volume measures.
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration01:28

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area. This equation is...
Respiratory Volumes01:15

Respiratory Volumes

Respiratory volumes are crucial metrics, meticulously measured to quantify the air exchanged in and out of the lungs during various phases of the breathing cycle. These precise measurements are vital for assessing lung function, diagnosing respiratory conditions, and monitoring overall respiratory health. Each parameter provides specific insights into the mechanics of breathing and the functional capacity of the lungs.
Tidal Volume (TV) Tidal volume (TV) is the air inhaled or exhaled in a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Measurement agreement between a portable and a conventional impulse oscillometry system: a two-centre method-comparison study.

BMJ open respiratory research·2026
Same author

How artificial intelligence could improve the diagnosis and management of COPD: a perspective from GOLD.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine·2026
Same author

Early life exposure to an episode of extreme air pollution and lung function later in childhood: the Hazelwood early life follow-up (ELF)study.

Environmental research·2026
Same author

An intelligent evaluation model for spirometry quality using wavelet and deep time-series methods.

Physiological measurement·2026
Same author

Tromethamine‑Modified Chlorambucil Prodrug Nano-Micelles: Improved Colloidal Stability and Antitumor Efficacy.

International journal of nanomedicine·2026
Same author

Identifying patients with mild-to-moderate COPD who require intensified initial treatment to control annualized clinically important deterioration.

NPJ primary care respiratory medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults
06:11

Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults

Published on: February 9, 2022

Multi-ethnic reference values for spirometry for the 3-95-yr age range: the global lung function 2012 equations.

Philip H Quanjer1, Sanja Stanojevic, Tim J Cole

  • 1Dept of Pulmonary Diseases and Dept of Paediatrics, Erasmus Medical Centre, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

The European Respiratory Journal
|June 30, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New global spirometry prediction equations provide age-dependent lower limits of normal for diverse ethnic groups. These lung function reference equations are applicable worldwide for individuals aged 3-95 years.

More Related Videos

Conducting Respiratory Oscillometry in an Outpatient Setting
14:49

Conducting Respiratory Oscillometry in an Outpatient Setting

Published on: April 8, 2022

Dual Test Gas Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity Measurement During Exercise in Humans Using the Single-Breath Method
08:44

Dual Test Gas Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity Measurement During Exercise in Humans Using the Single-Breath Method

Published on: February 2, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 20, 2026

Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults
06:11

Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults

Published on: February 9, 2022

Conducting Respiratory Oscillometry in an Outpatient Setting
14:49

Conducting Respiratory Oscillometry in an Outpatient Setting

Published on: April 8, 2022

Dual Test Gas Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity Measurement During Exercise in Humans Using the Single-Breath Method
08:44

Dual Test Gas Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity Measurement During Exercise in Humans Using the Single-Breath Method

Published on: February 2, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Global Health
  • Biostatistics

Background:

  • Spirometry is crucial for diagnosing respiratory diseases.
  • Existing spirometric prediction equations often lack global applicability and diverse ethnic representation.
  • The European Respiratory Society Global Lung Function Initiative aimed to address these limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive continuous, globally applicable spirometric prediction equations and their lower limits of normal.
  • To establish reference equations for healthy non-smokers across various age groups and ethnicities.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized over 160,000 spirometry data points from 72 centers in 33 countries.
  • Applied the LMS method for simultaneous modeling of mean, coefficient of variation, and skewness.
  • Derived reference equations for Caucasians, African-Americans, North Asians, and South East Asians aged 3-95 years.

Main Results:

  • Established spirometric prediction equations for healthy individuals aged 3-95 years across four major ethnic groups.
  • Found that Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) differed proportionally between ethnic groups, while the FEV1/FVC ratio remained consistent.
  • A composite equation was provided for individuals not represented by the primary groups.

Conclusions:

  • Continuous spirometric prediction equations with age-dependent lower limits of normal are now available for global application.
  • These equations facilitate more accurate interpretation of lung function across diverse populations.
  • Future data collection from underrepresented regions will further enhance these global reference equations.