Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...

Development of Blood Vessels

Development of Blood Vessels

The development of the vascular system in a fetus is a complex and intricate process that begins as early as 15 to 16 days post-conception. This process starts outside the embryo, specifically in the mesoderm of the yolk sac, chorion, and connecting stalk. Approximately two days later, the formation of blood vessels occurs within the embryo itself.
The initial formation of this system is facilitated by the small amount of yolk present in the ovum and yolk sac. Blood vessels originate from...

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...

Morphogenesis

Morphogenesis

Plant morphogenesis—the development of a plant’s form and structure—involves several overlapping developmental processes, including growth and cell differentiation. Precursor cells differentiate into specific cell types, which are organized into the tissues and organ systems that make up the functional plant.

Tension Response at Adherens Junctions

Tension Response at Adherens Junctions

The adherens junctions that anchor cells together are multi-protein complexes that dynamically adapt to mechanical stimuli such as tensile forces and shear stress. Mechanosensory proteins in these junctions can sense such mechanical stimuli and undergo a shift in their conformation, resulting in an altered function — a process called mechanotransduction.
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin homology) domains...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Simulating physiological blood maintenance: A dialysis-integrated in vitro flow loop for realistic hemocompatibility evaluation of devices.

The International journal of artificial organs·2026

Same author

Biodegradable stents and occluders in CHD: current evidence, biomechanical constraints, and translational challenges.

Cardiology in the young·2026

Same author

Assessment of Guidewire-Induced Deviation in Fractional Flow Reserve: Impact of Lesion Morphology and Pressure Guidewire Malposition.

International journal for numerical methods in biomedical engineering·2025

Same author

Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia Prevalence Estimates Calculated From GnomAD Allele Frequencies of Predicted Pathogenic Variants in <i>ENG</i> and <i>ACVRL1</i>.

Circulation. Genomic and precision medicine·2025

Same author

Optimized FDA Blood Pump: A Case Study in System-Level Customized Ventricular Assist Device Designs.

Annals of biomedical engineering·2025

Same author

Learning-enhanced 3D fiber orientation mapping in thick cardiac tissues.

Biomedical optics express·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Whole-mount Immunohistochemical Analysis for Embryonic Limb Skin Vasculature: a Model System to Study Vascular Branching Morphogenesis in Embryo

Whole-mount Immunohistochemical Analysis for Embryonic Limb Skin Vasculature: a Model System to Study Vascular Branching Morphogenesis in Embryo

Published on: May 20, 2011

Mechanotransduction in embryonic vascular development.

Beth L Roman¹, Kerem Pekkan

¹Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. romanb@pitt.edu

Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology

|June 30, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Blood flow mechanics significantly influence embryonic vascular development, impacting remodeling and cell identity. Understanding endothelial cell mechanotransduction is crucial for deciphering cardiovascular abnormalities.

More Related Videos

In Vitro Model of Fetal Human Vessel On-chip to Study Developmental Mechanobiology

In Vitro Model of Fetal Human Vessel On-chip to Study Developmental Mechanobiology

Published on: July 28, 2023

Probing the Roles of Physical Forces in Early Chick Embryonic Morphogenesis

Probing the Roles of Physical Forces in Early Chick Embryonic Morphogenesis

Published on: June 5, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 20, 2026

Whole-mount Immunohistochemical Analysis for Embryonic Limb Skin Vasculature: a Model System to Study Vascular Branching Morphogenesis in Embryo

Whole-mount Immunohistochemical Analysis for Embryonic Limb Skin Vasculature: a Model System to Study Vascular Branching Morphogenesis in Embryo

Published on: May 20, 2011

In Vitro Model of Fetal Human Vessel On-chip to Study Developmental Mechanobiology

In Vitro Model of Fetal Human Vessel On-chip to Study Developmental Mechanobiology

Published on: July 28, 2023

Probing the Roles of Physical Forces in Early Chick Embryonic Morphogenesis

Probing the Roles of Physical Forces in Early Chick Embryonic Morphogenesis

Published on: June 5, 2018

Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Biomedical Engineering
Cardiovascular Research

Background:

Embryonic development relies on biochemical signals and biomechanical forces from blood flow.
Mature vasculature paradigms may not apply to developing embryonic vasculature.
Endothelial cells sense and respond to mechanical forces, including shear stress.

Purpose of the Study:

Review mechanistic aspects of endothelial cell mechanotransduction in embryonic development.
Elaborate on the effects of shear stress on the embryonic vasculature.
Discuss computational modeling for vascular growth.

Main Methods:

Review of existing data on endothelial cell mechanotransduction.
Focus on shear stress response in embryonic vasculature.
Discussion of predictive vascular growth models.

Main Results:

Embryonic vasculature responds to blood flow mechanical forces.
These responses are critical for vascular remodeling, angiogenesis, and arterial-venous identity.
Shear stress has multifarious effects on the developing embryonic vasculature.

Conclusions:

Combining signaling pathway information with computational modeling offers new prospects.
Precise hemodynamic measurements correlated with endothelial cell responses are needed.
Understanding blood flow's role is key to normal vascular development and congenital cardiovascular abnormalities.