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Related Concept Videos

Drug Classes and Categories01:25

Drug Classes and Categories

Drugs can be classified according to their chemical composition or their intended therapeutic application. For instance, anti-infective agents that possess the ability to eliminate pathogens or suppress their growth and reproduction can be grouped based on the organisms they target or their chemical structure. Furthermore, drugs can be divided into prescription, nonprescription, or controlled substances. Prescription medications, such as antibiotics, require oversight from a licensed healthcare...
Hallucinogens and Psychedelics01:27

Hallucinogens and Psychedelics

Hallucinogens are psychoactive substances that profoundly alter perceptual experiences, generating unreal visual and sensory images. Often referred to as psychedelic drugs — a term derived from the Greek words "psyche" (mind) and "delos" (revealing) — these substances include marijuana and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), among others. These drugs vary in intensity and effects.
Marijuana, derived from the dried leaves and flowers of the hemp plant, contains delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)...
Effects of Chemicals: Overview01:27

Effects of Chemicals: Overview

Drugs, encompassing various chemical compounds from natural sources, lab synthesis, or genetic engineering, elicit different biological responses in living organisms. Some of these responses are desirable or therapeutic, while others are undesirable. The primary goal of administering a drug is to achieve a therapeutic effect, that is, to address a specific disease or health condition. Any concurrent effects outside of this therapeutic outcome are considered undesirable. These undesirable...
Drug Regulation01:25

Drug Regulation

Drug regulation encompasses the management of drug usage by evaluating its safety and efficacy through assessments conducted by regulatory authorities. Regrettably, the history of drug regulation is marred by several catastrophic events. One such incident is the Elixir Sulfanilamide tragedy, in which the toxic compound diethyl glycol was included in a sweet-tasting medication, leading to numerous fatalities. This event prompted the enactment of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act in 1938. Under...
Vitamins01:30

Vitamins

Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced in our...
Therapeutic Index01:13

Therapeutic Index

The therapeutic index of a drug is a key parameter in pharmacology that quantifies the relative safety of a drug by calculating the ratio between the dose that causes toxicity in half the population (50%) to the dose that proves to be effective for half the population (50%). It provides a spectrum of doses for a particular drug ranging from effective to potentially toxic. To illustrate, consider an anticoagulant agent like warfarin. It possesses a narrow window within its therapeutic index to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Field Identification of Matricaria chamomilla using a Portable qPCR System
12:08

Field Identification of Matricaria chamomilla using a Portable qPCR System

Published on: October 10, 2020

Herbs-are they safe enough? an overview.

Divya Singh1, Rajiv Gupta, Shubhini A Saraf

  • 1Faculty of Pharmacy, Babu Banarasi Das National Institute of Technology and Management, Dr. Akhilesh Das Nagar, Lucknow, India.

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
|July 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Herbal remedies, while popular and perceived as safe, can interact with medications, potentially causing adverse effects. Healthcare providers should advise patients on these herb-drug interactions.

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Rapid High-throughput Species Identification of Botanical Material Using Direct Analysis in Real Time High Resolution Mass Spectrometry
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Last Updated: May 20, 2026

Field Identification of Matricaria chamomilla using a Portable qPCR System
12:08

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Published on: October 10, 2020

Rapid High-throughput Species Identification of Botanical Material Using Direct Analysis in Real Time High Resolution Mass Spectrometry
11:14

Rapid High-throughput Species Identification of Botanical Material Using Direct Analysis in Real Time High Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Published on: October 2, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Herbal Medicine
  • Integrative Medicine

Background:

  • Herbal remedies are increasingly popular for therapy and prophylaxis, often perceived as natural and harmless.
  • The growing use of complementary medicine highlights the potential for interactions between herbal products and pharmaceuticals.
  • Limited published data exists on herb-herb and herb-drug interactions despite widespread herbal product use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent literature on adverse effects of herbal remedies.
  • To highlight potential herb-drug interactions with common herbal products.
  • To reinforce the safety considerations of herbal products.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of adverse effects and interactions of herbal remedies.
  • Analysis of common herbal medicinal products like liquorice, garlic, ginger, green tea, and turmeric.
  • Examination of reported herb-drug interactions.

Main Results:

  • Concurrent use of herbs with drugs can mimic, magnify, or oppose drug effects, leading to interactions.
  • Many reported herb-drug interactions lack rigorous laboratory analysis.
  • Commonly used herbs such as garlic, ginger, and green tea have known interaction potentials.

Conclusions:

  • Healthcare practitioners must caution patients about potential herb-drug interactions.
  • The perceived safety of herbal products may mask significant adverse effects.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand and document herb-drug interactions.