Related Experiment Videos

A preliminary evaluation of bardoxolone methyl for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy

Merlin Thomas1

  • 1Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, PO Box 6492, St Kilda Rd Central Melbourne Victoria 8008, Australia. mthomas@bakeridi.edu.au

Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology
|July 4, 2012
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Bardoxolone methyl, an Nrf-2 agonist, demonstrated sustained improvement in kidney function for patients with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes over 52 weeks. This offers a potential new therapeutic option for managing renal impairment.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Nrf-2 signaling pathway activation is explored for chronic diseases.
  • Bardoxolone methyl is an oral Nrf-2 agonist.
  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes affect millions globally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) characteristics of bardoxolone methyl.
  • To review updated information on bardoxolone methyl's efficacy and safety.
  • To focus on mechanisms of action, toxicity, and ongoing trials in CKD and diabetes patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search for PK/PD data.
  • Analysis of single and chronic administration data.
  • Review of ongoing clinical trials.

Main Results:

  • Bardoxolone methyl treatment sustained renal function improvement over 52 weeks in CKD and type 2 diabetes patients.
  • The Nrf-2 agonist demonstrated potential for managing renal impairment.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand its complex signaling cascade effects.

Conclusions:

  • Bardoxolone methyl offers a promising therapeutic avenue for diabetic kidney disease.
  • Sustained renal function improvement observed in clinical studies.
  • Further investigation into bardoxolone methyl and related compounds is warranted.

Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
Diabetic Neuropathy01:22

Diabetic Neuropathy

DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document any history...