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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Nerves: Plexus I01:22

Spinal Nerves: Plexus I

Nerve plexuses are networks of interlacing nerves that serve as communication hubs to distribute and organize nerve action across various body regions. The nerve plexuses are organized into the cervical plexus located in the neck region, brachial plexus in the shoulder area, lumbar plexus found in the lower back, sacral plexus situated in the pelvis, and coccygeal plexus located in the coccygeal region.
The Cervical Plexus
The cervical plexus, formed by the anterior rami of the first four...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna

The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side of the...
Muscles that Move the Forearm01:16

Muscles that Move the Forearm

The muscles that move the forearms can be divided into four groups: forearm flexors, forearm extensors, forearm pronators, and forearm supinators. The flexors and extensors act on the elbow joint, while the pronators and supinators act on the radioulnar joints.
Forearm Flexors
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis are forearm flexors. The biceps brachii is made up of two heads. Its long head originates at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, whereas that of the short head is...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a short...
Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers01:16

Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers

The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location and function — the anterior and posterior compartment muscles.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment muscles originate from the humerus. They primarily function as flexors and are also known as flexor muscles. They typically insert on the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. The superficial layer includes the flexor carpi radialis,...
Arteries of the Upper Limbs01:12

Arteries of the Upper Limbs

The subclavian artery transitions into the axillary artery as it exits the chest and enters the axillary region. This artery is critical for supplying blood to the shoulder area, including the head of the humerus, through the humeral circumflex arteries. As the vessel continues into the upper arm or brachium, it becomes the brachial artery. This artery plays a key role in vascularizing the brachial region and bifurcates at the elbow into several branches. These branches include the deep...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies
06:40

Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies

Published on: January 11, 2019

Anomalous muscle causing ulnar nerve compression at Guyon's canal.

Georgios K Paraskevas1, Orestis Ioannidis, Dimitrios S Economou

  • 1Department of Anatomy, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. g_paraskevas@yahoo.gr

Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery
|July 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary

A rare supernumerary muscle was found crossing Guyon's canal in a male cadaver. This anomalous muscle may cause ulnar nerve entrapment, impacting hand function.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 20, 2026

Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies
06:40

Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies

Published on: January 11, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Human Anatomy
  • Anatomical Variations

Background:

  • Guyon's canal is a critical anatomical space in the wrist.
  • The ulnar nerve and artery pass through Guyon's canal.
  • Anatomical variations can lead to clinical complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare anatomical variation involving a supernumerary muscle.
  • To describe the location and insertion of the anomalous muscle.
  • To discuss the potential clinical implications of this variation.

Main Methods:

  • Anatomical dissection of a male cadaver.
  • Gross examination of the wrist and hand structures.
  • Documentation of the anomalous muscle's course and attachments.

Main Results:

  • A supernumerary muscle was identified in the forearm and wrist.
  • The muscle crossed superficial to the ulnar nerve and ulnar artery within Guyon's canal.
  • The muscle inserted into the aponeurosis of the little finger.

Conclusions:

  • This anomalous muscle represents a rare anatomical variation.
  • The presence of this muscle may predispose individuals to ulnar nerve entrapment at Guyon's canal.
  • Awareness of this variation is important for clinicians diagnosing wrist and hand pathologies.