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Related Concept Videos

DNA Bacteriophages01:26

DNA Bacteriophages

Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages

Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the lytic replication...
Protein-protein Interfaces02:04

Protein-protein Interfaces

Many proteins form complexes to carry out their functions, making protein-protein interactions (PPIs) essential for an organism's survival. Most PPIs are stabilized by numerous weak noncovalent chemical forces. The physical shape of the interfaces determines the way two proteins interact. Many globular proteins have closely-matching shapes on their surfaces, which form a large number of weak bonds. Additionally, many PPIs occur between two helices or between a surface cleft and a polypeptide...
Protein-Protein Interfaces02:04

Protein-Protein Interfaces

Many proteins form complexes to carry out their functions, making protein-protein interactions (PPIs) essential for an organism's survival. Most PPIs are stabilized by numerous weak noncovalent chemical forces. The physical shape of the interfaces determines the way two proteins interact. Many globular proteins have closely-matching shapes on their surfaces, which form a large number of weak bonds. Additionally, many PPIs occur between two helices or between a surface cleft and a polypeptide...
Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle01:20

Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle

Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Among them, T-even bacteriophages, such as T4, exhibit a well-characterized lytic replication cycle in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This process ensures the rapid proliferation of the virus while ultimately leading to the destruction of the bacterial host.Attachment and DNA InjectionThe infection process begins with the recognition and binding of the T4 phage to the E. coli cell surface. Tail fibers of the phage...
Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages00:43

Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages

In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

T4 Bacteriophage and E. coli Interaction in the Murine Intestine: A Prototypical Model for Studying Host-Bacteriophage Dynamics In Vivo
08:46

T4 Bacteriophage and E. coli Interaction in the Murine Intestine: A Prototypical Model for Studying Host-Bacteriophage Dynamics In Vivo

Published on: January 26, 2024

Bacteriophage protein-protein interactions.

Roman Häuser1, Sonja Blasche, Terje Dokland

  • 1Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.

Advances in Virus Research
|July 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review compiles known protein interactions for bacteriophages, including intraviral and phage-host interactions. Understanding these phage interactomes is crucial for deciphering phage biology and lifestyles.

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Phage Phenomics: Physiological Approaches to Characterize Novel Viral Proteins

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Last Updated: May 20, 2026

T4 Bacteriophage and E. coli Interaction in the Murine Intestine: A Prototypical Model for Studying Host-Bacteriophage Dynamics In Vivo
08:46

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Published on: January 26, 2024

An Assay for Quantifying Protein-RNA Binding in Bacteria
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An Assay for Quantifying Protein-RNA Binding in Bacteria

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Phage Phenomics: Physiological Approaches to Characterize Novel Viral Proteins
09:40

Phage Phenomics: Physiological Approaches to Characterize Novel Viral Proteins

Published on: June 11, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria and play vital roles in microbial ecosystems.
  • Well-studied bacteriophages like T7, λ, P22, ϕ29, and others have known protein interaction networks.
  • Existing data on phage protein interactions, both within the phage and with the host, are fragmented.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To consolidate and review published intraviral and phage-host protein interaction data for key bacteriophages.
  • To analyze and compare interaction patterns across different phages and hosts.
  • To identify knowledge gaps and propose strategies for completing phage interactome maps.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and data compilation of published protein interaction studies.
  • Analysis of intraviral protein-protein interactions.
  • Analysis of phage-host protein interactions.

Main Results:

  • Compilation of interaction data for T7, λ, P22, P2/P4, and ϕ29 phages, detailing intra-phage and phage-host connections.
  • Example: T7 phage has ~55 proteins with ~43 intra-phage interactions and ~15 phage-host interactions.
  • Comparison reveals varying interaction patterns, potentially reflecting different phage lifestyles or study limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Significant portions of phage interactomes remain uncharacterized due to technical limitations and study depth.
  • Different phages, even those infecting the same host, exhibit distinct interaction strategies.
  • Future research should focus on comprehensive interactome mapping to fully understand phage biology and interactions.