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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two major chronic disorders—ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—each characterized by relapsing episodes of gastrointestinal inflammation. Although they share certain clinical features, their patterns of involvement and manifestations differ in ways that aid diagnosis and guide management.Ulcerative ColitisUlcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and involves continuous inflammation of the mucosal layer. The disease course is marked...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
10:27

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Published on: December 15, 2011

Celiac disease: an immunological jigsaw.

Bertrand Meresse1, Georgia Malamut, Nadine Cerf-Bensussan

  • 1INSERM, U989, Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Centre, Institut IMAGINE, Paris, France. bertrand.meresse@inserm.fr

Immunity
|July 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Celiac disease (CD) involves an immune response to gluten, primarily involving HLA-DQ2/DQ8 molecules. Understanding this process reveals insights into autoimmunity and T-cell lymphomagenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic enteropathy triggered by dietary gluten in genetically susceptible individuals.
  • The pathogenesis of CD hinges on the interaction between gluten and MHC class II molecules (HLA-DQ2 and DQ8).
  • Impaired immunoregulation and activation of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) are critical for CD-related tissue damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current knowledge on the mechanisms and consequences of gluten-induced immune responses in CD.
  • To highlight CD as a model for studying MHC class II roles in immunopathology.
  • To explore the links between food protein tolerance, autoimmunity, and T-cell lymphomagenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing research on celiac disease pathogenesis.

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Development of an Antigen-driven Colitis Model to Study Presentation of Antigens by Antigen Presenting Cells to T Cells
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Development of an Antigen-driven Colitis Model to Study Presentation of Antigens by Antigen Presenting Cells to T Cells

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Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
10:27

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis

Published on: December 15, 2011

Development of an Antigen-driven Colitis Model to Study Presentation of Antigens by Antigen Presenting Cells to T Cells
06:57

Development of an Antigen-driven Colitis Model to Study Presentation of Antigens by Antigen Presenting Cells to T Cells

Published on: September 18, 2016

  • Analysis of the immunological interplay between gluten peptides, MHC class II molecules, and IEL.
  • Examination of factors contributing to tissue damage and potential T-cell lymphomagenesis.

    • Main Results:

    • Gluten peptides trigger an adaptive immune response involving HLA-DQ2/DQ8.
    • Additional factors are necessary to impair immune regulation and activate IEL, leading to tissue damage.
    • CD serves as a valuable model for understanding MHC class II-related immunopathology and autoimmunity.

    Conclusions:

    • CD pathogenesis is a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, gluten exposure, and immune system dysregulation.
    • Further research into CD mechanisms can elucidate broader principles of food tolerance, autoimmunity, and T-cell malignancies.
    • Understanding IEL activation is crucial for comprehending CD progression and associated risks.