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Related Concept Videos

Negative Regulator Molecules01:23

Negative Regulator Molecules

Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
Regulated Protein Degradation02:58

Regulated Protein Degradation

It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
Regulated Protein Degradation02:58

Regulated Protein Degradation

It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
Anaphase Promoting Complex00:50

Anaphase Promoting Complex

The stepwise destruction of specific proteins is necessary for the progression and completion of the cell cycle. Such proteins are ubiquitinated by ubiquitin ligases and then subsequently destroyed by the proteasome. The SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F-box) and the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) are two important ubiquitin ligases involved in cell cycle progression. While SCF is active throughout the cell cycle, APC gets activated during metaphase to anaphase transition. Cdc20 or Cdh1 binds to APC and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Fluorescence-Based Detection of FEN1 Nuclease Activity and Screening of Small-Molecule Inhibitors
05:46

Fluorescence-Based Detection of FEN1 Nuclease Activity and Screening of Small-Molecule Inhibitors

Published on: June 27, 2025

Sequential posttranslational modifications program FEN1 degradation during cell-cycle progression.

Zhigang Guo1, Julie Kanjanapangka, Na Liu

  • 1Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology and College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China.

Molecular Cell
|July 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Programmed degradation of FEN1 nuclease is vital for cell-cycle progression and genome stability. This process involves phosphorylation, SUMOylation, and ubiquitination, ensuring proper cell division and preventing cancer.

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Identification of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 1 Specific Phosphorylation Sites by an In Vitro Kinase Assay
12:26

Identification of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 1 Specific Phosphorylation Sites by an In Vitro Kinase Assay

Published on: May 3, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 20, 2026

Fluorescence-Based Detection of FEN1 Nuclease Activity and Screening of Small-Molecule Inhibitors
05:46

Fluorescence-Based Detection of FEN1 Nuclease Activity and Screening of Small-Molecule Inhibitors

Published on: June 27, 2025

Identification of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 1 Specific Phosphorylation Sites by an In Vitro Kinase Assay
12:26

Identification of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 1 Specific Phosphorylation Sites by an In Vitro Kinase Assay

Published on: May 3, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Flap Endonuclease 1 (FEN1) is crucial for DNA replication and repair.
  • Precise regulation of FEN1 activity is necessary for maintaining genome stability.
  • The cell cycle control of FEN1 activity remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the regulatory mechanism controlling FEN1 degradation during the cell cycle.
  • To investigate the role of posttranslational modifications in FEN1 regulation.
  • To determine the impact of impaired FEN1 degradation on cell-cycle progression and genome stability.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated FEN1 degradation using cell-based assays.
  • Analyzed posttranslational modifications of FEN1, including phosphorylation, SUMOylation, and ubiquitination.
  • Utilized site-directed mutagenesis to create nondegradable FEN1 mutants.
  • Assessed cell-cycle progression and ploidy in cells expressing FEN1 mutants.

Main Results:

  • FEN1 undergoes programmed degradation via a cascade of posttranslational modifications: phosphorylation, SUMOylation, and ubiquitination.
  • Blocking any step in this modification cascade inhibits FEN1 degradation.
  • Expression of nondegradable FEN1 mutants leads to Cyclin B accumulation, cell-cycle delays (G1 and G2/M), and polyploidy.

Conclusions:

  • A novel regulatory pathway controlling FEN1 degradation through sequential posttranslational modifications has been identified.
  • This mechanism is essential for timely cell-cycle progression and maintaining genome stability.
  • Dysregulation of this pathway may contribute to cellular transformation and cancer development.