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DNA damage by reactive species: Mechanisms, mutation and repair

N R Jena1

  • 1Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Jabalpur 482 005, India. nrjena@iiitdmj.ac.in

Journal of Biosciences
|July 4, 2012
PubMed

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In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
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