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Related Concept Videos

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction01:11

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction

High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), formerly referred to as High-pressure liquid chromatography, is a powerful technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in complex mixtures. The term "high pressure" refers to using high pressure to push the liquid mobile phase through the tightly packed columns.
In HPLC, two phases play a critical role in the separation process:
Ion-Exchange Chromatography01:09

Ion-Exchange Chromatography

Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation00:57

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation

High-performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC, is an analytical technique that separates liquid samples under high pressures. An HPLC instrument consists of glass bottles for storing solvents called mobile phase reservoirs. HPLC-grade solvents are used to maintain high purity, and the dissolved gases are removed using a degasser, such as a vacuum pumping system or sparging with helium. The solvents are then pumped into the analytical column using a screw-driven syringe or reciprocating pumps.
Gas Chromatography: Types of Columns and Stationary Phases01:17

Gas Chromatography: Types of Columns and Stationary Phases

Gas chromatography (GC) relies on stationary phases to separate and analyze components in a sample. There are two main types of stationary phases: liquid and solid. Liquid stationary phases are non-volatile, thermally stable, and chemically inert liquids coated onto the column. Solid stationary phases are particles of adsorbent material, such as silica gel or molecular sieves.
For an analyte to remain on the column for a sufficient amount of time, it must exhibit some level of compatibility (or...
Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation01:20

Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation

Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
Principles Of Column Chromatography01:13

Principles Of Column Chromatography

The chromatography technique was first invented in 1901 by Michael S. Tswett, a Russian botanist, to separate plant pigments using organic solvents. Further, in 1941, Archer John Porter Martin and R. L. M. Synge modified the technique by packing silica gel into a column. A mixture of amino acids was then separated on the packed column using chloroform and water mixture as the mobile phase. This was the first report on column chromatography. At present, column chromatography is a widely used...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Simple In-House Ultra-High Performance Capillary Column Manufacturing with the FlashPack Approach
13:36

Simple In-House Ultra-High Performance Capillary Column Manufacturing with the FlashPack Approach

Published on: December 4, 2021

Separations using a porous-shell pillar array column on a capillary LC instrument.

Wim De Malsche1, Selm De Bruyne, Jeff Op De Beeck

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium. wdemalsc@vub.ac.be

Journal of Separation Science
|July 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates a micro-pillar array chip for liquid chromatography (LC) achieving high separation performance. The chip offers a peak capacity up to 150, nearly independent of flow rate, for protein digest analysis.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 20, 2026

Simple In-House Ultra-High Performance Capillary Column Manufacturing with the FlashPack Approach
13:36

Simple In-House Ultra-High Performance Capillary Column Manufacturing with the FlashPack Approach

Published on: December 4, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Separation Science
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Microfluidic devices offer miniaturization and enhanced separation efficiency in chromatography.
  • Directly interfacing microchips with conventional instruments is crucial for practical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the separation performance of a novel pillar array microchip interfaced with a capillary LC system.
  • To quantify band broadening contributions from microchip features and assess overall performance.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a 9-cm pillar array channel (5 μm Si pillars) with mesoporous silica cladding.
  • Interfacing the microchip with a capillary LC instrument for gradient elution separations.
  • Analysis of cytochrome c and bovine serum albumin digests.

Main Results:

  • Estimated additional band broadening from microchip turns to be ~0.5-2 μm.
  • Achieved peak capacities up to 150 for protein digests.
  • Performance was largely independent of flow rate, indicating robustness.

Conclusions:

  • The pillar array microchip demonstrates excellent separation capabilities when directly interfaced with LC.
  • The design minimizes band broadening, enabling high peak capacity separations.
  • This technology holds promise for rapid and efficient biomolecule analysis.