Management of sigmoid volvulus avoiding sigmoid resection

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Surgical Case Reports

Background:

• Acute sigmoid volvulus involves a mobile, redundant colon segment twisting on its mesentery.
• This twisting can lead to bowel obstruction, ischemia, and perforation.

Observation:

• An 18-year-old woman presented with severe abdominal pain, distention, constipation, nausea, and vomiting.
• Physical examination revealed tympany and absent bowel sounds, consistent with acute sigmoid volvulus.

Findings:

• The patient was diagnosed with acute sigmoid volvulus.
• While urgent surgery is indicated for complications like perforation or necrosis, endoscopic decompression is a primary option for stable patients.

Implications:

• Treatment decisions for sigmoid volvulus require careful consideration of patient stability and potential complications.
• Minimally invasive approaches like endoscopic decompression may avoid sigmoid resection, particularly in younger patients.