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Early development of visual cortex in human fetuses.

F Masood1, S Wadhwa, V Bijlani

  • 1Department of Anatomy, All-India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.

Archivio Italiano Di Anatomia E Di Embriologia. Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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This study details the prenatal development of the human visual cortex (area 17) by examining fetal specimens. Key findings reveal developmental changes in cortical thickness and neuronal arrangement during gestation.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Human Embryology

Background:

  • The prenatal development of the human visual cortex is crucial for establishing visual function.
  • Understanding early critical events in cortical development provides insights into potential neurodevelopmental disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the early critical events in the prenatal development of the human visual cortex (area 17).
  • To document changes in cortical thickness and neuronal morphology during specific gestational periods.

Main Methods:

  • Histological examination of human fetal specimens at 8-9, 13-15, and 16-18 weeks of gestation.
  • Microscopic analysis of five distinct developmental zones within the visual cortex (area 17).
  • Measurement of cortical thickness using camera lucida and assessment of neuronal characteristics.

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Main Results:

  • Cortical thickness of area 17 significantly increased with advancing gestational age.
  • Distinct zones within the developing visual cortex exhibited variations in neuronal shape, size, staining, and arrangement.
  • Mitotic figures were observed in the ventricular, subventricular, and intermediate zones, with a decrease in the ventricular zone at later stages.

Conclusions:

  • The study elucidates key developmental milestones in the human visual cortex during the second trimester of gestation.
  • Observations highlight the dynamic nature of neuronal organization and proliferation during early cortical development.
  • Findings contribute to the foundational knowledge of human visual cortex formation.