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Peripheral contrast sensitivity in glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

F Falcão-Reis1, E O'Donoghue, R Buceti

  • 1Department of Clinical Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London.

The British Journal of Ophthalmology
|December 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Peripheral contrast sensitivity deficits were observed in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and high-risk ocular hypertension (OH). These findings suggest contrast sensitivity testing may aid in screening glaucoma suspects.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Visual Neuroscience

Background:

  • Glaucoma and ocular hypertension (OH) are significant causes of vision loss.
  • Early detection of glaucoma is crucial for preventing irreversible visual field loss.
  • Contrast sensitivity is a visual function that may be affected in early glaucoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate contrast sensitivity in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and different risk groups of ocular hypertension (OH).
  • To determine the utility of contrast sensitivity testing in screening for glaucoma suspects.

Main Methods:

  • Contrast sensitivity was measured centrally and peripherally (10-25 degrees off-axis) in patients with POAG, high-risk OH, and low-risk OH.
  • A sine wave grating (1.9 cycles/degree, 1 Hz reversal) was displayed on a 100-Hz monitor.

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  • Normal values were established for comparison.

    • Main Results:

    • Patients with POAG showed normal central contrast sensitivity but impaired peripheral sensitivity at 20 and 25 degrees eccentricity.
    • High-risk OH patients also exhibited abnormal peripheral contrast sensitivity, unlike low-risk patients.
    • Abnormal peripheral contrast sensitivity correlated with potential early field defects in high-risk OH patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Peripheral contrast sensitivity deficits are present in early stages of POAG and in high-risk OH.
    • Contrast sensitivity testing, particularly in the periphery, shows promise as a screening tool for glaucoma suspects.
    • Further investigation into contrast sensitivity as a diagnostic marker for glaucoma is warranted.