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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System I: Subjective Data01:23

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System I: Subjective Data

A thorough health history and physical assessment are essential for identifying cardiovascular disease (CVD) symptoms and distinguishing them from other health issues.
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...
Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Motor Dual-Tasks for Gait Analysis and Evaluation in Post-Stroke Patients
05:23

Motor Dual-Tasks for Gait Analysis and Evaluation in Post-Stroke Patients

Published on: March 11, 2021

Comprehensive assessment for autonomic dysfunction in different phases after ischemic stroke.

Li Xiong1, Howan H W Leung, Xiang Yan Chen

  • 1Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

International Journal of Stroke : Official Journal of the International Stroke Society
|July 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Autonomic dysfunction, particularly parasympathetic impairment, is common in acute ischemic stroke and can persist for at least six months. This study used Ewing

Keywords:
autonomic dysfunctioncomprehensive assessmentischemic stroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cardiology
  • Autonomic Nervous System Function

Background:

  • Cardiovascular autonomic regulation is crucial in ischemic stroke.
  • Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is commonly used, but other methods are needed for comprehensive assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate autonomic function in ischemic stroke patients during acute and chronic phases.
  • To compare autonomic function between stroke patients and healthy controls using Ewing's battery and HRV.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 94 ischemic stroke patients (34 acute, 60 chronic) and 37 elderly controls.
  • Administered Ewing's battery of autonomic function tests.
  • Performed power spectral analysis of heart rate variability.

Main Results:

  • Stroke patients (acute and chronic) showed significantly lower low-frequency power spectral density in HRV compared to controls.
  • Acute stroke patients exhibited impaired parasympathetic function in two tests (Valsalva ratio, deep breathing response).
  • Chronic stroke patients demonstrated impairment in all tested parasympathetic functions.

Conclusions:

  • Autonomic dysfunction is present in the acute phase of ischemic stroke.
  • This dysfunction, predominantly parasympathetic, can persist for up to six months post-stroke.
  • Comprehensive assessment reveals significant autonomic impairment following ischemic stroke.