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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata02:04

Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata

During photosynthesis, plants acquire the necessary carbon dioxide and release the produced oxygen back into the atmosphere. Openings in the epidermis of plant leaves is the site of this exchange of gasses. A single opening is called a stoma—derived from the Greek word for “mouth.” Stomata open and close in response to a variety of environmental cues.
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Responses to Drought and Flooding

Water plays a significant role in the life cycle of plants. However, insufficient or excess of water can be detrimental and pose a serious threat to plants.
Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss01:57

Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss

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Responses to Heat and Cold Stress02:45

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

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Responses to Salt Stress02:02

Responses to Salt Stress

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Tonicity in Plants01:20

Tonicity in Plants

Plant cells maintain appropriate osmotic balance in extreme conditions. For instance, plants in dry environments store water in vacuoles, limit the opening of their stoma, and have thick, waxy cuticles to prevent unnecessary water loss. Some species of plants that live in salty environments store salt in their roots. As a result, water osmosis occurs in the root from the surrounding soil.
Tonicity
Tonicity describes the capacity of a cell to lose or gain water depending on the solute...

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Poplar Adventitious Roots Induced by Stem Canker Pathogens: An Experimental System for Studying Roots Biology and Light Response-Related Processes
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Drought induces alterations in the stomatal development program in Populus.

Erin T Hamanishi1, Barb R Thomas, Malcolm M Campbell

  • 1Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks St., Toronto, ON M5S 3B3, Canada.

Journal of Experimental Botany
|July 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Plants can alter stomatal development to limit water loss during drought. Key genes like STOMAGEN, ERECTA, SDD1, and FAMA regulate this crucial drought response in poplar.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Drought Stress Response

Background:

  • Plants adjust water loss primarily through physiological control of stomatal aperture.
  • The role of modulating stomatal development for water loss limitation is less understood.
  • Populus species offer a model for studying drought adaptation mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the control of stomatal development in response to water deprivation in Populus.
  • To identify genes involved in drought-responsive stomatal development.
  • To compare responses between different Populus genotypes.

Main Methods:

  • Examined stomatal index and development in Populus balsamifera under well-watered and water-deficit conditions.
  • Analyzed transcript abundance of key stomatal development genes (STOMAGEN, ERECTA, SDD1, FAMA, YDA, TMM) across multiple time points and conditions.
  • Utilized two genotypes of Populus balsamifera for comparative analysis.

Main Results:

  • Drought induced lower stomatal indices in leaves developed under water deficit.
  • Transcript levels of Populus homologues for STOMAGEN, ERECTA (ER), STOMATA DENSITY AND DISTRIBUTION 1 (SDD1), and FAMA varied with drought conditions.
  • Transcript abundance of YODA (YDA) and TOO MANY MOUTHS (TMM) homologues remained consistent across treatments and genotypes.

Conclusions:

  • Stomatal development during leaf expansion is a significant long-term strategy for limiting plant water loss.
  • Regulation of STOMAGEN, ER, SDD1, and FAMA homologues plays a critical role in poplar's drought response.
  • Understanding these genetic pathways can inform strategies for improving drought tolerance in crops.