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Related Concept Videos

Hemoglobin01:24

Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin is a globular protein made up of four subunits. Two of these subunits are alpha chains, and the other two are beta chains. Each subunit contains a molecule of heme, which has an iron atom and can bind to oxygen. When an oxygen molecule binds to one heme group, it changes the shape of hemoglobin, making it easier for the other heme groups to bind oxygen as well.
When all four heme groups are bound to oxygen, the resulting molecule is called oxyhemoglobin. As a result, arterial blood...
Hematopoiesis01:21

Hematopoiesis

The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
Erythropoiesis01:14

Erythropoiesis

Red blood cells  (RBCs) transport oxygen to all body tissues. These cells survive only for 120 days and then need to be replenished. Erythropoiesis is the process of RBC production. In healthy individuals, erythropoiesis ensures all tissues are amply supplied with oxygen. In addition, blood loss due to injury leads to a drop in the physiological oxygen level that will cause erythropoiesis. Any defect in erythropoiesis leads to several physiological disorders, including thalassemia, anemia, and...
Overview of Hematopoiesis01:20

Overview of Hematopoiesis

Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
Developmental Phases of Hematopoiesis
Initially, HSCs are formed in the embryonic yolk sac, a critical site for early blood cell production. These stem cells subsequently migrate to other...
Disorders of Erythrocytes01:27

Disorders of Erythrocytes

Disorders of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), include a range of conditions affecting their number, shape, or function.
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
A low oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to the loss, lower production, or destruction of erythrocytes is termed anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia, for example, occurs when bleeding from an external wound or internal ulcer reduces erythrocyte counts.
On the other...
Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors01:28

Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors

Hematopoietic growth factors are molecules that regulate the differentiation rate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Erythropoietin (EPO), primarily produced by the kidneys, plays a crucial role in erythrocyte production. When oxygen levels in the blood are low, EPO is released into the bloodstream, reaching the bone marrow, where it stimulates HSCs to differentiate and mature into erythrocytes, which are vital for oxygen transport.
Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...

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Micronutrient status of populations and preventive nutrition interventions in South East Asia.

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Co-inheritance of α<sup>0</sup> -thalassemia elevates Hb A<sub>2</sub> level in homozygous Hb E: Diagnostic implications.

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Diagnosis of common hemoglobinopathies among South East Asian population using capillary isoelectric focusing system.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Detection of Residual Donor Erythroid Progenitor Cells after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients with Hemoglobinopathies
11:59

Detection of Residual Donor Erythroid Progenitor Cells after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients with Hemoglobinopathies

Published on: September 6, 2017

New updating into hemoglobinopathies.

S Fucharoen1, P Winichagoon1

  • 1Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakornpathom, Thailand.

International Journal of Laboratory Hematology
|July 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thalassemia and abnormal hemoglobin disorders are common genetic conditions, particularly in developing nations. Advances in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention offer improved patient quality of life and potential cures.

Keywords:
Thalassemiahemoglobinopathy

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Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload
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Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload

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Last Updated: May 20, 2026

Detection of Residual Donor Erythroid Progenitor Cells after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients with Hemoglobinopathies
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Detection of Residual Donor Erythroid Progenitor Cells after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients with Hemoglobinopathies

Published on: September 6, 2017

Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload
05:23

Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload

Published on: March 14, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Hematology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Thalassemia and abnormal hemoglobin disorders represent significant global health challenges, especially in developing countries.
  • These genetic conditions are the most prevalent worldwide, necessitating effective management and control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in the laboratory diagnosis, treatment, and control of thalassemia.
  • To highlight the importance of understanding genotype-phenotype interactions for therapeutic interventions.
  • To discuss current and future strategies for improving patient quality of life and achieving worldwide prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent progress in thalassemia diagnosis and treatment.
  • Analysis of genotype-phenotype correlations in alpha- and beta-thalassemia.
  • Evaluation of current therapeutic approaches and future prospects.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress has been made in laboratory diagnosis, treatment, and control of thalassemia.
  • Clinical severity variations are linked to genotype-phenotype interactions, crucial for targeted therapies.
  • Improved quality of life for patients is achievable through regular blood transfusions and novel iron chelators.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell transplantation and gene therapy offer potential cures for thalassemia.
  • Characterizing genotype-phenotype interactions is vital for effective therapeutic interventions.
  • Multinational collaboration is expected to drive worldwide prevention of thalassemia.