The effect of common infant foods on plaque pH

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Dentistry
• Dental Cariology
• Nutritional Science

Background:

• Dental caries remains a significant public health issue in children.
• Dietary factors, particularly sugars and milk products, play a crucial role in caries development.
• Understanding the acidogenic potential of common beverages is essential for preventive strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the plaque pH changes induced by cow's milk, milk with sugar, milk with honey, and infant formula against a 10% sucrose solution.
• To assess the cariogenic potential of these common beverages in children aged 8-12 years.

Main Methods:

• Plaque pH was measured using a pH microelectrode at baseline and at 1-60 minute intervals after rinsing.
• Test liquids included cow's milk, milk plus sugar, milk plus honey, infant formula, and a 10% sucrose solution (control).
• Statistical analysis involved repeated-measure ANOVA and paired t tests.

Main Results:

• 10% sucrose demonstrated the highest cariogenic potential, significantly lowering plaque pH.
• The order of cariogenic potential was: sucrose > milk plus honey > milk plus sugar > formula > cow's milk.
• All tested beverages, except sucrose, maintained plaque pH above 6, suggesting limited immediate cariogenic risk compared to sucrose.

Conclusions:

• Although less cariogenic than sucrose, milk-based beverages and formula induce an acidogenic response in dental plaque.
• Frequent exposure, particularly during bottle-feeding, may contribute to enamel demineralization and increase caries risk.
• Dietary recommendations should consider the acidogenic potential of beverages beyond simple sugar content.