Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Characteristics and Functions of Blood

Characteristics and Functions of Blood

Blood is specialized connective tissue comprising about 8% of the body mass. It has a thick, liquid extracellular matrix that contains cells, dissolved proteins, and electrolytes, making it five times more viscous than water. Blood is warm, around 38°C, and has an alkaline pH ranging from 7.35 to 7.45.
The primary function of blood is to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide between tissues and the lungs. Oxygenated blood is bright red, while oxygen-depleted blood is darker. It also carries...

Blood Transfusion

Blood Transfusion

Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
Blood Transfusion Overview
A blood transfusion is a medical procedure used to replace blood lost due to injury, surgery, or to treat conditions such as anemia or cancer. During a transfusion, donor blood is...

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...

Veins as Blood Reservoirs

Veins as Blood Reservoirs

Veins, while chiefly responsible for circulating blood back to the heart, also function as storage vessels for blood. They house approximately 64 percent of the body's total blood volume, a feat made possible by their high capacitance—the inherent ability to expand and accommodate large volumes of blood, even under low pressure. The large diameter and thin walls of veins augment their distensibility, significantly more so than arteries, due to their classification as capacitance vessels. When...

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...

Blood Types

Blood Types

Human blood is classified into different types based on the presence of antigens on the red blood cell's surface and antibodies in the plasma. Proper identification of blood type is essential for successful blood transfusion. The International Society of Blood Transfusion has identified 38 human blood types based on the surface antigens on the red blood cells. The most common types are ABO, Rh, and MNS blood types.
ABO blood group
ABO antigens are glycoproteins encoded by genes present on...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Efficacy and safety of fibrinogen concentrate (BT524) in severe hemorrhage: Phase 3 subcohort analysis of the AdFIrst trial in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery for pseudomyxoma peritonei.

Journal of clinical anesthesia·2026

Same author

Efficacy and safety of human fibrinogen concentrate (BT524) in patients with major haemorrhage undergoing major orthopaedic or abdominal surgery (AdFIrst): a randomised, active-controlled, multicentre, partially blinded, phase 3 non-inferiority trial.

EClinicalMedicine·2025

Same author

Psychological, neuroendocrine and inflammatory stress responses in women after miscarriage or stillbirth: investigating early psychobiological adaptations to potential traumatic events.

Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)·2025

Same author

Early, very high-titre convalescent plasma therapy in clinically vulnerable individuals with mild COVID-19: an international, randomised, open-label trial.

EBioMedicine·2025

Same author

[Platelet Concentrates - Indication, Informed Consent, Transfusion and Adverse Events].

Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS·2025

Same author

Impact of Shelf-Life Extension on Platelet Availability: Results from an Inventory Management Modeling Study.

Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie·2024

Same journal

[Infection Prevention in the Intensive Care Unit: Evidence-Based Strategies for Reducing Healthcare-Associated Infections].

Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS·2026

Same journal

[Persistent Postoperative Opioid Use].

Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS·2026

Same journal

[Dexamethasone for Perioperative Analgesia].

Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS·2026

Same journal

[Treatment Expectations in the Perioperative Setting - Influence on Postoperative Pain Treatment].

Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS·2026

Same journal

Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS·2026

Same journal

[Correction: Anaesthesiological Concepts in Paediatric Neurosurgery].

Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Homing of Hematopoietic Cells to the Bone Marrow

Homing of Hematopoietic Cells to the Bone Marrow

Published on: March 18, 2009

[Blood--a special resource].

Christof Geisen¹, Michael Schmidt, Dieter Klarmann

¹Institut für Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhämatologie, DRKBlutspendedienstes Baden-Württemberg - Hessen in Frankfurt, Universität Frankfurt am Main, Germany. c.geisen@blutspende.de

Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS

|July 6, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Haemotherapy, including blood cell and plasma transfusions, is vital for advanced medical treatments. Modern screening significantly reduces transfusion-related infection risks, enhancing patient safety in critical care.

More Related Videos

A New Hybrid Quantitative Evaluation Model for Axillary Junctional Hemorrhage in Swine

A New Hybrid Quantitative Evaluation Model for Axillary Junctional Hemorrhage in Swine

Published on: December 6, 2024

Rapid Fractionation and Isolation of Whole Blood Components in Samples Obtained from a Community-based Setting

Rapid Fractionation and Isolation of Whole Blood Components in Samples Obtained from a Community-based Setting

Published on: November 30, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 20, 2026

Homing of Hematopoietic Cells to the Bone Marrow

Homing of Hematopoietic Cells to the Bone Marrow

Published on: March 18, 2009

A New Hybrid Quantitative Evaluation Model for Axillary Junctional Hemorrhage in Swine

A New Hybrid Quantitative Evaluation Model for Axillary Junctional Hemorrhage in Swine

Published on: December 6, 2024

Rapid Fractionation and Isolation of Whole Blood Components in Samples Obtained from a Community-based Setting

Rapid Fractionation and Isolation of Whole Blood Components in Samples Obtained from a Community-based Setting

Published on: November 30, 2015

Area of Science:

Transfusion Medicine
Hematology
Medical Technology

Background:

Haemotherapy, encompassing red blood cell (RBC), platelet concentrate (PC), and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusions, is fundamental to contemporary high-tech medicine.
Essential supportive care, haemotherapy enables advanced treatments like high-dose chemotherapy, stem cell and organ transplantation, major surgery, and trauma management.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current status of haemotherapy.
To discuss the risks associated with blood transfusions, including haemolytic transfusion reactions (HTR), transfusion-related lung injury (TRALI), and transfusion-transmitted infections (TTI).
To outline risk minimization strategies, particularly focusing on advancements in screening technologies.

Main Methods:

Review of current haemotherapy practices and associated risks.
Analysis of adverse effects such as HTR, TRALI, and TTI.
Evaluation of risk reduction measures, emphasizing the impact of Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing (NAT) technology.

Main Results:

The introduction of NAT technology for blood component screening has substantially reduced the residual risk of transfusion-transmitted infections.
Specific residual risks include: 1:10.8 million for Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), 1:4.3 million for Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1), and 1:360,000 for Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) for German Red Cross Blood Service products.
These advancements highlight significant progress in ensuring blood product safety.

Conclusions:

Haemotherapy remains an indispensable component of modern medical interventions.
Advanced screening technologies like NAT have dramatically improved the safety profile of blood products by minimizing infectious risks.
Continued vigilance and implementation of risk mitigation strategies are crucial for optimizing patient outcomes in transfusion medicine.