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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...

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Cultivate Primary Nasal Epithelial Cells from Children and Reprogram into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Developmental programming of allergic diseases.

Maike Pincus1, Petra Arck

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Pneumology and Immunology Division, CharitĂ© Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. maike.pincus@charite.de

Chemical Immunology and Allergy
|July 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prenatal environmental exposures can increase a child's allergy risk. Identifying specific biomarkers during pregnancy may enable early detection and prevention of childhood allergies and immune diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Environmental Health
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Childhood allergic disorders are increasingly common.
  • Prenatal, perinatal, and early postnatal environmental factors significantly influence allergy development.
  • The intrauterine environment plays a crucial role in immune system programming.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify biomarkers associated with prenatal environmental challenges and later allergy risk in children.
  • To explore the link between the intrauterine environment and the development of allergies.
  • To enable early detection of children susceptible to allergies and other immune diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of emerging evidence on environmental influences on immune development.
  • Highlighting potential biomarkers for prenatal exposure and allergy risk.
  • Analysis of the interaction between maternal environment and offspring immune outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Specific biomarkers may indicate a challenged intrauterine environment.
  • These biomarkers are linked to an increased risk of allergies in children.
  • Early identification of at-risk children is possible through prenatal biomarker analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Biomarkers identified during pregnancy can predict allergy risk in offspring.
  • Early detection allows for timely interventions to mitigate adverse immune outcomes.
  • Targeting prenatal environmental challenges can prevent childhood allergies and chronic immune diseases.