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[The Justinian plague (part one)].

Sergio Sabbatani1, Roberto Manfredi, Sirio Fiorino

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Bologna, S. Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy.

Le Infezioni in Medicina
|July 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Justinian plague, beginning in 541 AD, significantly impacted the Byzantine Empire, weakening its military and economy. This pandemic reshaped the Mediterranean, contributing to the transition from the Ancient World to the Middle Ages.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical History
  • Epidemiology
  • Byzantine Studies

Background:

  • The Justinian plague originated in Pelusium, Egypt, in 541 AD, spreading across the Mediterranean in successive waves.
  • Named after Emperor Justinian, the plague significantly influenced the Eastern Roman Empire's expansionist goals in Italy and North Africa.

Discussion:

  • The plague reduced Roman legions' recruitment capacity and decreased tax revenues, impacting state finances and military capabilities.
  • Economic consequences included agricultural decline and inflationary pressures, disrupting trade and commercial exchanges for over two centuries.

Key Insights:

  • The Justinian plague hindered the Eastern Roman Empire's consolidation of influence in Western regions like Italy and North Africa.
  • The pandemic's impact supported the rise of various Roman-Barbarian kingdoms, altering the geopolitical landscape.

Outlook:

  • The Justinian plague marked a critical historical juncture, serving as a watershed moment between the Ancient World and the early Middle Ages.
  • Further research could explore the long-term demographic and societal transformations resulting from this prolonged epidemic.