Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug Control Governance: Regulatory Bodies and Their Impact01:03

Drug Control Governance: Regulatory Bodies and Their Impact

Drug control governance involves the oversight and regulation of pharmaceuticals to ensure their safety and efficacy while preventing illegal drug use and trafficking. Regulatory bodies, including the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Union's European Medicines Agency (EMA), play a central role in this process. These agencies evaluate the safety and efficacy of drugs before they can be marketed. They fund clinical trials and assess the benefits and risks associated with a...
Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena01:15

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena

Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not necessarily...
Drug Regulation01:25

Drug Regulation

Drug regulation encompasses the management of drug usage by evaluating its safety and efficacy through assessments conducted by regulatory authorities. Regrettably, the history of drug regulation is marred by several catastrophic events. One such incident is the Elixir Sulfanilamide tragedy, in which the toxic compound diethyl glycol was included in a sweet-tasting medication, leading to numerous fatalities. This event prompted the enactment of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act in 1938. Under...
Drug Dependence01:17

Drug Dependence

Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
Phase I Reactions: Reductive Reactions01:27

Phase I Reactions: Reductive Reactions

Phase I biotransformation reductive reactions are chemical processes that modify drugs by introducing or revealing polar functional groups via reduction. Enzymes called reductases catalyze these reactions, playing a pivotal role in drug metabolism by transforming lipophilic drugs into more polar, water-soluble metabolites for easy excretion. An essential type of reductive reaction is the carbonyl group reduction, where aldehydes and ketones are reduced to alcohols. An example is the...
Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry in the Far East: Findings from Multi-National Surveys.

Current psychiatry reports·2026
Same author

The role of alcohol control policy on the level of alcohol consumption in member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations 2000-2022: identifying trends and country clusters for further analyses.

Journal of global health·2026
Same author

Alcohol Policies in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Region-Challenges, Opportunities and Moving Forward.

Drug and alcohol review·2026
Same author

Defining exposure for estimating the global burden of alcohol consumption: plausibility testing of WHO methodology using ASEAN countries as a case study.

Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy·2026
Same author

Alcohol Control Policy in Southeast Asia: A Descriptive Review.

Asia-Pacific journal of public health·2026
Same author

An evaluation case study of village-based relational community engagement activities in Lao PDR.

Global public health·2026
Same journal

Patterns, motivations, and healthcare experiences of medical cannabis use among gender and sexuality diverse people in Australia: findings from the Cannabis as Medicine Survey 2022 (CAMS-22).

Harm reduction journal·2026
Same journal

Correction: Barriers and facilitators to initiating and adhering to harm reduction services among people who inject drugs in the United States: a systematic review.

Harm reduction journal·2026
Same journal

"That would be such a game changer": a qualitative study of the acceptability and feasibility of a digital harm reduction support tool among people who use drugs.

Harm reduction journal·2026
Same journal

"People are going to do drugs:" harm reduction as a strategy for survivors of sex trafficking who use substances.

Harm reduction journal·2026
Same journal

"The alternative is they're not getting care at all": a qualitative interview study of opioid use disorder treatment providers' perspectives on quality and appropriateness of telehealth for buprenorphine access.

Harm reduction journal·2026
Same journal

"You've involved us knowing that we don't think about the law like you": a qualitative study on Supersavers' perspective of overdose engagement in Skåne county, South Sweden.

Harm reduction journal·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
08:05

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

Published on: January 5, 2018

Defining and redefining harm reduction in the Lao context.

Vanphanom Sychareun1, Visanou Hansana, Sysavanh Phommachanh

  • 1Faculty of Postgraduate Studies, University of Health Sciences, Vientiane, Lao PDR. vsychareun@gmail.com.

Harm Reduction Journal
|July 10, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Harm reduction programs are crucial for addressing injecting drug use and HIV in Laos. Increased awareness and evidence are needed, especially among law enforcement, to support effective public health strategies.

More Related Videos

A Procedure to Study the Effect of Prolonged Food Restriction on Heroin Seeking in Abstinent Rats
10:35

A Procedure to Study the Effect of Prolonged Food Restriction on Heroin Seeking in Abstinent Rats

Published on: November 11, 2013

A Procedure to Study Stress-Induced Relapse of Heroin Seeking after Punishment-Imposed Abstinence
08:05

A Procedure to Study Stress-Induced Relapse of Heroin Seeking after Punishment-Imposed Abstinence

Published on: March 23, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 20, 2026

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
08:05

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

Published on: January 5, 2018

A Procedure to Study the Effect of Prolonged Food Restriction on Heroin Seeking in Abstinent Rats
10:35

A Procedure to Study the Effect of Prolonged Food Restriction on Heroin Seeking in Abstinent Rats

Published on: November 11, 2013

A Procedure to Study Stress-Induced Relapse of Heroin Seeking after Punishment-Imposed Abstinence
08:05

A Procedure to Study Stress-Induced Relapse of Heroin Seeking after Punishment-Imposed Abstinence

Published on: March 23, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Social Sciences

Background:

  • Laos's drug use response historically focused on supply and demand reduction.
  • There's emerging interest in broader responses to injecting drug use (IDU), including harm reduction.
  • Harm reduction concepts are new to Laos, with no established definition or consensus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore understanding of harm reduction among law enforcement and health officers in Laos.
  • To identify controversies and challenges in implementing harm reduction for HIV and drug use.
  • To inform policy and program development for harm reduction in the Lao context.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative study utilizing in-depth interviews.
  • Interviewed 27 law enforcement and 8 health officers involved in HIV/drug control.
  • Content analysis to identify themes and categories.

Main Results:

  • Law enforcement officers demonstrated limited understanding of harm reduction principles and feasibility.
  • Controversies exist regarding the definition and scope of harm reduction in Laos.
  • Health officers' understanding varied, indicating a need for broader consensus.

Conclusions:

  • Harm reduction must be integrated into public health responses for HIV and IDU.
  • Awareness and evidence-based support for harm reduction are essential, particularly for law enforcement.
  • Integrating HIV prevention and treatment within social/cultural frameworks is recommended.