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Cyclodextrins.

Sergey V Kurkov1, Thorsteinn Loftsson

  • 1Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata 53, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics
|July 10, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cyclodextrins (CDs) enhance drug solubility and bioavailability by forming complexes with lipophilic drugs. Recent findings show CDs self-assemble into nanoparticles and microparticles, opening new formulation avenues.

Keywords:
AggregatesCyclodextrinsMetabolismNanoparticlesPharmacokineticsTernary complexes

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Materials Science
  • Drug Delivery

Background:

  • Cyclodextrins (CDs) are oligosaccharides with unique physicochemical properties, despite over a century of study.
  • CDs are widely used in pharmaceuticals to improve the solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs.
  • They are recognized as non-toxic and pharmacologically inactive excipients in drug and food products.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pharmaceutical applications of cyclodextrins (CDs).
  • To emphasize the solubilizing properties, self-assembly into nanoparticles/microparticles, ternary complex formation, and pharmacokinetic profiles of CDs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of cyclodextrin applications in pharmaceuticals.
  • Analysis of studies on CD-drug complexation and solubility enhancement.
  • Examination of research on CD self-assembly into nano- and microparticles.

Main Results:

  • CDs effectively form water-soluble inclusion complexes with lipophilic drugs, enhancing aqueous solubility and bioavailability.
  • CDs can be formulated into various dosage forms, including parenteral solutions, nasal sprays, and eye drops.
  • Recent research highlights the self-assembly of CDs and their complexes into nanoparticles and microparticles, creating novel formulation opportunities.

Conclusions:

  • Cyclodextrins are versatile pharmaceutical excipients with significant potential for drug formulation and delivery.
  • The self-assembly properties of CDs offer new strategies for developing advanced drug delivery systems.
  • Further research into CD metabolism and pharmacokinetics is essential for optimizing their pharmaceutical use.