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Related Concept Videos

Schemas01:42

Schemas

A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
Perceptual Constancy01:12

Perceptual Constancy

Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
Scaling01:26

Scaling

In designing and analyzing filters, resonant circuits, or circuit analysis at large, working with standard element values like 1 ohm, 1 henry, or 1 farad can be convenient before scaling these values to more realistic figures. This approach is widely utilized by not employing realistic element values in numerous examples and problems; it simplifies mastering circuit analysis through convenient component values. The complexity of calculations is thereby reduced, with the understanding that...
Gestalt Principles of Perception01:21

Gestalt Principles of Perception

Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...
Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round end"...
Introduction to Scalers01:21

Introduction to Scalers

Many familiar physical quantities can be specified completely by giving a single number and the appropriate unit. For example, "a class period lasts 50 min," or "the gas tank in my car holds 65 L," or "the distance between the two posts is 100 m." A physical quantity that can be specified completely in this manner is called a scalar quantity. The word "scalar" is a synonym for "number." Time, mass, distance, length, volume, temperature, and energy are some examples of scalar quantities.
Scalar...

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Methods for Presenting Real-world Objects Under Controlled Laboratory Conditions
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The recognition of everyday objects changes grasp scaling.

Svenja Borchers1, Marc Himmelbach

  • 1Centre for Neurology, Division of Neuropsychology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany.

Vision Research
|July 10, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Object recognition influences grasping movements. Familiar object identity enhances sensitivity to size changes during grasping, integrating memory associations into movement planning.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Human Perception

Background:

  • Current models propose a dissociation between conscious visual recognition and visual action control.
  • These models do not predict object identity affecting grasping kinematics without prior learning.
  • Binocular vision and object familiarity are key factors in action planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of object identity on the kinematic parameterization of grasping movements.
  • To determine if object familiarity affects the adaptation of grasping to size changes.
  • To explore the integration of object recognition with motor control in real-time grasping.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted involving participants grasping familiar and neutral objects.

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  • Grasping movements were performed under full vision or with delayed visual feedback.
  • Sensitivity to object size changes was measured using maximal grip aperture relative to object size.

    • Main Results:

    • Object familiarity significantly increased sensitivity to physical object size changes.
    • The slope of maximal grip aperture showed greater adaptation for familiar objects.
    • This effect was observed without pre-test learning periods, indicating real-time integration.

    Conclusions:

    • Object identity and associated size information from long-term memory are integrated into grasping movement parameterization.
    • This challenges models that strictly dissociate visual recognition and action control.
    • Grasping movements are modulated by the recognizable identity of objects, even without explicit training.