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Updated: May 20, 2026

Breakfast Habits among Schoolchildren in the City of Uruguaiana, Brazil
06:48

Breakfast Habits among Schoolchildren in the City of Uruguaiana, Brazil

Published on: July 29, 2020

Longitudinal and cross-sectional changes in active commuting to school among Brazilian schoolchildren

Filipe F Costa1, Kelly S Silva, Camilie P Schmoelz

  • 1Graduate Physical Education Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, University Campus - Trindade, Florianopolis, Brazil. filipefcosta_1@hotmail.com

Preventive Medicine
|July 10, 2012
PubMed
Abstract

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Cross-Sectional Research

In cross-sectional research, a researcher compares multiple segments of the population at the same time. If they were interested in people's dietary habits, the researcher might directly compare different groups of people by age. Instead of following a group of people for 20 years to see how their dietary habits changed from decade to decade, the researcher would study a group of 20-year-old individuals and compare them to a group of 30-year-old individuals and a group of 40-year-old...
Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
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Longitudinal Studies

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Observational Studies

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