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Related Concept Videos

Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in response to an infection or illness.
Types of Fever01:25

Types of Fever

Fever can be triggered by several factors, including infections, nervous system disorders, certain cancers, blood diseases like leukemia, embolism, thrombosis, heatstroke, dehydration, surgical trauma, crushing injuries, and allergic reactions.
Here are the different types of fever:
Patterns of Fever01:26

Patterns of Fever

Before understanding the types and patterns of fever, it is essential to know its phases.
Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects01:25

Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects

Acute inflammation produces a coordinated set of local and systemic changes that limit injury, eliminate pathogens, and initiate repair. These responses arise within minutes of infection, trauma, or chemical insult and are driven by vascular alterations and leukocyte-derived mediators. When the stimulus resolves, the reaction typically abates within days.Local EffectsAt the site of injury, arteriolar vasodilation increases blood flow, resulting in redness and warmth. Simultaneously, increased...
Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such as Proteus,...
Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis
07:42

A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis

Published on: February 7, 2025

Fever in sepsis.

F Schortgen1

  • 1APHP-Service de Réanimation Médicale, Groupe Hospitalier Mondor, Créteil, France. frederique.schortgen@hmn.aphp.fr

Minerva Anestesiologica
|July 10, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Fever in sepsis may worsen outcomes due to high energy demands, despite potential benefits. This review examines fever control methods, weighing risks and benefits for sepsis patients.

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Fever is a common sepsis symptom, often linked to better survival, potentially by inhibiting microbial growth and boosting immunity.
  • However, fever's high metabolic cost can worsen sepsis, a critical condition where fever control is common in ICUs.
  • Current fever control methods, including antipyretics and external cooling, have uncertain efficacy and known adverse effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the benefits and risks associated with fever in sepsis.
  • To evaluate different fever control modalities in sepsis management.
  • To identify fever control strategies with the optimal risk/benefit ratio for sepsis patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review examining experimental data and clinical trials on fever and its control in sepsis.

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Last Updated: May 20, 2026

A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis
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Published on: February 7, 2025

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  • Analysis of the physiological effects of fever and hypothermia in the context of sepsis.
  • Discussion of antipyretic drug efficacy and adverse effects.
  • Evaluation of surface cooling methods, including their efficacy and requirements like sedation.

    • Main Results:

    • While fever may offer some protective mechanisms, its high energy cost can be detrimental in sepsis.
    • The effectiveness of antipyretic drugs for fever control in sepsis is uncertain, and they carry risks.
    • External cooling methods show promise, with one trial suggesting reduced vasopressor needs and improved early survival in septic shock patients.
    • Shivering from surface cooling necessitates sedation to avoid adverse effects.

    Conclusions:

    • The role of fever in sepsis is complex, with both potential benefits and significant risks.
    • Fever control in sepsis requires careful consideration of the risks and benefits of various methods.
    • External cooling may offer a favorable risk/benefit profile for fever control in sepsis, warranting further investigation.