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Related Concept Videos

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in C57BL/6 Mice
12:04

The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in C57BL/6 Mice

Published on: November 1, 2015

B cell tolerance and positive selection in lupus.

Dan Eilat1, Matthias Wabl

  • 1Department of Medicine, Hadassah University Hospital, Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|July 10, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Systemic lupus erythematosus research needs new directions. Studies suggest lupus-prone mice recruit autoreactive B cells via strong positive selection, possibly due to nucleic acid-protein complexes.

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Examination of Thymic Positive and Negative Selection by Flow Cytometry
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Examination of Thymic Positive and Negative Selection by Flow Cytometry

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Last Updated: May 20, 2026

The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in C57BL/6 Mice
12:04

The bm12 Inducible Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in C57BL/6 Mice

Published on: November 1, 2015

Isolation of Double Negative αβ T Cells from the Kidney
06:56

Isolation of Double Negative αβ T Cells from the Kidney

Published on: May 16, 2014

Examination of Thymic Positive and Negative Selection by Flow Cytometry
14:29

Examination of Thymic Positive and Negative Selection by Flow Cytometry

Published on: October 8, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Autoimmune Diseases
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototype autoimmune disease.
  • Despite advances in immunology, SLE etiology and pathogenesis remain poorly understood.
  • Even genetically programmed lupus-prone mice show limited research progress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a new hypothesis for lupus pathogenesis.
  • To investigate B cell tolerance mechanisms in lupus-prone mice.
  • To identify potential triggers for autoreactive B cell recruitment.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of B cell tolerance mechanisms in lupus-prone mice.
  • Investigation of positive selection events in B cell development.
  • Exploration of the role of nucleic acid-protein complexes.

Main Results:

  • Intrinsic B cell tolerance appears largely intact in lupus-prone mice.
  • A strong positive selection event is implicated in recruiting autoreactive B cells.
  • Nucleic acid-protein complexes may facilitate this recruitment process.

Conclusions:

  • Current understanding of lupus pathogenesis requires re-evaluation.
  • Focusing on positive selection and molecular complexes offers new research avenues.
  • This study provides a novel perspective on SLE development in susceptible individuals.