Effect of compliance mismatch on flow disturbances in a model of an arterial graft replacement

Flow disturbances in a model of an interposition graft in an arterial segment were measured using an ultrasound Doppler velocimeter. The effect of the degree of compliance mismatch between a stiff' graft' and compliant 'arterial' segments was investigated. In steady flow, disturbances were detected when the compliance ratio (stiff to compliant segments) was less than or equal to 0.1 and the Reynolds number greater than or equal to 2200. A recirculation zone just downstream of the distal anastomosis was observed at a Reynolds number greater than or equal to 2400. Disturbances were also measured under pulsatile flow which consisted of a time-varying component superimposed on a steady flow component. The time-varying flow component was either quasiphysiological or sinusoidal in shape. The Reynolds number was 500 but the frequency parameter varied from 4.2 to 8.5. Significant disturbances were observed for conduits with compliance ratio less than or equal to 0.19. The disturbance intensity tended to increase as the compliance ratio decreased and the frequency parameter increased. The magnitude of the disturbance was also greater with the quasiphysiological than the sinusoidal input flow waveform.