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Incidence and clinical characteristics of periocular infantile hemangiomas
Saba T Alniemi1, Gregory J Griepentrog, Nancy Diehl
1Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
Insights
Periocular infantile hemangiomas affect 1 in 1586 births, predominantly in white females and on the upper eyelid. Associations include maternal infertility and premature birth.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatrics
- Dermatology
Background:
- Periocular infantile hemangiomas (PIH) are common benign vascular tumors in infants.
- Understanding their incidence and characteristics is crucial for early diagnosis and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence, demographics, and clinical features of PIH in a population-based cohort.
- To identify associated risk factors and comorbidities.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of medical records for patients under 19 years diagnosed with PIH.
- Study conducted in Olmsted County, Minnesota, from 1965 to 2004.
Main Results:
- An incidence of 5.4 per 100,000 individuals (<19 years) or 1 in 1586 live births was found.
- PIH were more common in females (70%) and white patients, often unilateral on the upper eyelid (86%).
- Associated factors included maternal infertility (1 in 5) and premature birth (1 in 8); 61% had other abnormalities, including secondary hemangiomas (21%).
Conclusions:
- PIH occur in 1 in 1586 live births, with a predilection for the unilateral upper eyelid in white females.
- Maternal infertility and premature birth are notable associated factors.
- A significant proportion of children with PIH present with other abnormalities, underscoring the need for comprehensive evaluation.
Objective:
To report the incidence, demographics, and clinical findings among a population-based cohort of children with periocular infantile hemangiomas.
Methods:
The medical records of all patients (<19 years of age) diagnosed as having periocular infantile hemangiomas while residing in Olmsted County, Minnesota, from January 1, 1965, through December 31, 2004, were retrospectively reviewed.
Results:
Forty-three children were diagnosed as having periocular infantile hemangiomas during the 40-year period, yielding an incidence of 5.4 per 100,000 individuals younger than 19 years (95% CI, 3.8-7.1) or a birth prevalence of 1 in 1586 live births. Thirty children (70%) were female (P<.001). There was a history of maternal infertility in approximately 1 in 5 children and premature birth in 1 in 8 children. Twenty-six children (61%) had other abnormalities, including secondary hemangiomas in 9 (21%). Forty-one patients (95%) had unilateral disease, and 37 hemangiomas (86%) were located on the upper eyelid.
Conclusions:
In this population-based study, periocular infantile hemangiomas occurred in 1 in 1586 live births and were most prevalent on the unilateral upper eyelid of white female patients. Prevalent associations included maternal infertility and premature birth. Other abnormalities, including secondary hemangiomas in 1 in 5 children, were common in this cohort.
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