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Cerebral microhemorrhage in Marchiafava-Bignami disease detected by susceptibility-weighted imaging

Ryuta Kinno1, Masahiro Yamamoto, Takahiro Yamazaki

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, 35-1 Chigasaki-chuo, Tsuzuki, Yokohama, Kanagawa 224-8503, Japan. kinno@med.showa-u.ac.jp

Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
|July 11, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD), an alcohol-related disorder, is linked to cerebral microhemorrhages (CMH). Higher CMH severity correlates with worse dementia outcomes in MBD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Radiology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD) is a rare neurological disorder associated with chronic alcohol abuse.
  • Clinical manifestations include disturbed consciousness, motor deficits, and cognitive impairment, often with interhemispheric disconnection symptoms.

Observation:

  • Cerebral microhemorrhages (CMH) are increasingly recognized in cognitive deficits, but their role in MBD has been underemphasized.
  • This study investigated four MBD patients with chronic alcohol abuse, presenting with coma, dysarthria, and astasia-abasia, leading to dementia.

Findings:

  • Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) revealed asymmetrical hypointense areas in cortico-subcortical regions, indicative of CMH in all MBD patients.
  • Patients with dementia exhibited a higher severity of CMH compared to those with normal cognitive function.
  • Symmetrical lesions in the corpus callosum were observed in all cases.

Implications:

  • CMH detected via SWI appears to be a significant imaging biomarker for MBD.
  • The severity of CMH may serve as an indicator for the degree of dementia in Marchiafava-Bignami disease patients.
  • Further research into CMH in MBD could refine diagnostic and prognostic approaches.

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