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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation

A Primary Neuron Culture System for the Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Latency and Reactivation

Published on: April 2, 2012

Where is reactivation after a long latency?

Chisho Hoshino¹, Akane Yamabe

¹General Internal Medicine, Ohta-Nishinouchi Hospital, Koriyama City, Japan. chisho@muc.biglobe.ne.jp

BMJ Case Reports

|July 11, 2012

Summary

Herpes zoster (shingles) can cause multiple cranial nerve palsies and pharyngeal/laryngeal vesicles. Early treatment with acyclovir and corticosteroids is crucial for managing this rare VZV reactivation.

Area of Science:

Neurology
Infectious Diseases
Otolaryngology

Background:

Herpes zoster (shingles) is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV).
Cranial nerve involvement, particularly multiple cranial neuropathies, is a rare but serious manifestation of VZV reactivation in the head and neck region.

Observation:

A 90-year-old woman presented with unilateral glossopharyngeal, vagal, and spinal accessory cranial nerve palsy.
The patient also exhibited pharyngeal and laryngeal vesicular eruptions.
Diagnosis was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of vesicular fluid for VZV.

Findings:

The case highlights a rare presentation of VZV reactivation involving multiple cranial nerves and mucosal surfaces.
PCR confirmed the presence of varicella-zoster virus, establishing the diagnosis of herpes zoster.

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Implications:

Clinicians should consider herpes zoster in patients presenting with unilateral multiple cranial neuropathies and vesicular eruptions.
Prompt initiation of combination therapy with acyclovir and corticosteroids is recommended to prevent potentially life-threatening neurologic sequelae.