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Civil commitment in the United States.

Megan Testa¹, Sara G West

¹Dr. Testa is from University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.

Psychiatry (Edgmont (Pa. : Township))

|July 11, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This review examines the history and ethical dilemmas of involuntary psychiatric hospitalization in the U.S. It covers evolving commitment standards and challenges in civil commitment practices.

Keywords:

Civil commitment deinstitutionalization institutionalization involuntary hospitalization

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Area of Science:

Psychiatry
Law
Medical Ethics

Background:

Involuntary psychiatric hospitalization, or civil commitment, has a long history in the United States.
The practice has evolved from early asylums to deinstitutionalization, raising significant ethical questions.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive review of the academic literature on civil commitment.
To explore the historical trajectory of involuntary psychiatric hospitalization in the U.S.
To analyze the ethical conflicts inherent in civil commitment.

Main Methods:

Literature review of academic sources on civil commitment.
Historical analysis of U.S. commitment standards and practices.
Discussion of ethical principles, including beneficence and patient autonomy.

Main Results:

The U.S. commitment standards have shifted from a right to treatment to a focus on dangerousness.
Civil commitment presents ethical challenges for providers, balancing beneficence with patient autonomy.
Specific patient populations, such as those with severe mental illness or forensic involvement, pose unique challenges.

Conclusions:

Civil commitment remains a controversial practice in modern psychiatry.
Understanding the history and ethical dimensions is crucial for contemporary psychiatric practice.
Outpatient commitment offers an alternative model with its own set of considerations.