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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Special Senses01:26

Introduction to Special Senses

Sensory receptors play an integral part in comprehending our external and internal environments. They receive diverse stimuli, converting them into the nervous system's electrochemical signals. This conversion occurs as the stimulus alters the sensory neuron's cell membrane potential, instigating the generation of an action potential. This action potential is subsequently transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), which integrates with other sensory data or higher cognitive functions.
Sensory Modalities01:15

Sensory Modalities

Sensation typically is the process by which the sensory receptors and sense organs detect stimuli from the internal and external environment and transmit this information to the central nervous system for processing.
General senses refer to the broad category of sensory information detected by receptors in the body and can be further grouped into somatic and visceral senses. Somatic sensations include touch, pressure, temperature, and pain and are essential for navigating our environment and...
Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System01:11

Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System

The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
The receptor level:
The receptor level is the first stage of sensation. It involves the detection of a stimulus by specialized sensory receptors. The stimulus must arrive within the receptor's receptive field. Next, the receptor converts the energy of the stimulus...
Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways01:29

Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways

Somatic sensory or somatosensory pathways refer to the neural pathways that carry information related to touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and proprioception from the skin, muscles, tendons, and joints to the brain. These pathways involve several stages of processing and integration of sensory information.
The somatosensory system is divided into three main pathways: the dorsal (or posterior) column-medial lemniscus, spinothalamic (or anterolateral), and spinocerebellar pathways.
The dorsal...
Major Somatic Sensory Pathways01:28

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the posterior columns...

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Related Experiment Video

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Cross-Modal Multivariate Pattern Analysis
13:51

Cross-Modal Multivariate Pattern Analysis

Published on: November 9, 2011

ASIC3 channels in multimodal sensory perception.

Wei-Guang Li1, Tian-Le Xu

  • 1Institute of Neuroscience and State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.

ACS Chemical Neuroscience
|July 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs), specifically ASIC3, are crucial for sensory perception, including pain. Agmatine and mild acidosis modulate ASIC3, offering new therapeutic targets for sensory disorders.

Keywords:
ASIC3Acid-sensing ion channelchemosensationmechanosensationnociceptionnonproton ligand

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are sodium-selective cation channels in the epithelial sodium channel/degenerin (ENaC/DEG) family.
  • ASICs function as receptors for extracellular protons and nonproton ligands, with at least five subunits identified in mammalian neurons.
  • ASIC3 channels, highly proton-sensitive, are found in peripheral sensory neurons and involved in nociception, mechanosensation, and chemosensation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence linking ASIC3 channels to multimodal sensory perception.
  • To discuss mechanisms of ASIC3 activation and its role in sensory perception, particularly nociception.
  • To explore ASIC3's potential as a therapeutic target for sensory dysfunctions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review summarizing existing research on ASIC3.
  • Analysis of ASIC3 channel function, including sustained currents and modulation by ligands.
  • Discussion of ASIC3's role in sensory pathways and potential pharmacotherapy.

Main Results:

  • ASIC3 channels mediate sustained currents during mild extracellular acidosis (pH 7.3-6.7).
  • Nonproton ligands, such as agmatine, can enhance ASIC3 channel activity.
  • ASIC3 plays a significant role in multimodal sensory perception, especially nociception.

Conclusions:

  • ASIC3 activation and modulation by various stimuli offer novel insights into sensory perception.
  • The involvement of ASIC3 in sensory dysfunctions, including nociception, highlights its potential for developing new pharmacotherapies.