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Association between cardiovascular disease risk factors and occurrence of venous thromboembolism. A time-dependent

Keattiyoat Wattanakit1, Pamela L Lutsey, Elizabeth J Bell

  • 1Cardiology, HeartCare Midwest, Peoria, Illinois 61614, USA. topwatta@gmail.com

Thrombosis and Haemostasis
|July 12, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Current smoking and obesity significantly increase the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Other cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, like high cholesterol or diabetes, were not associated with VTE in this study.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The relationship between atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk is debated.
  • Obesity is a known VTE risk factor, but the association with other CVD risk factors requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between established cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE).
  • To determine if CVD risk factors, beyond obesity, contribute to VTE risk.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, including 15,340 participants without prior VTE or anticoagulant use.
  • Serially updated CVD risk factor information throughout a mean follow-up of 15.5 years.
  • Employed Cox proportional hazards models to assess the association between CVD risk factors and incident VTE, adjusting for covariates.

Main Results:

  • Current smoking was associated with a 44% increased risk of VTE (HR 1.44).
  • A significant positive monotonic association was observed between Body Mass Index (BMI) and VTE risk; individuals with BMI ≥35 kg/m² had a 3.09-fold increased risk compared to those with normal BMI (<25 kg/m²).
  • Alcohol intake, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and physical activity (after BMI adjustment) were not significantly associated with VTE risk.

Conclusions:

  • Among established CVD risk factors, only current smoking and obesity were independently associated with an increased risk of VTE.
  • These findings suggest distinct pathophysiological pathways for venous and atherosclerotic diseases.

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